Macronutrients Flashcards
What is the primary functions for protein
- basis of all body structures eg. Muscles hair and skin
- needed for growth to form new cells and allow organs to grow bigger during pregnancy, childhood and adolescence
- repair damaged body tissues, particularly after illness or injury
- needed for the production of enzymes eg. In the digestive system
- production of hormones that regulate body functions
What is the secondary function of protein
When someone doesn’t have enough carbohydrates or fat for production of energy, protein is used to keep that person alive. 1g of protein- 4Kcal of energy
4 animal sources of protein
Meat
Fish
Eggs
Dairy products
4 plant sources of protein
Pulses grains
Nuts
Cereal
Bread
4 novel sources of protein
Tofu
Soya mince
Tempeh
Quarn
What are indispensable amino acids
Amino acids that our body can not make so we need to include them in our diet. There’s about 8
what are HBV proteins
High biological value proteins supply all the IAAs. The protein found in animal foods or novel sources in HBV
4 sources of HBV protein
Meat
Fish
Eggs
Milk
How much energy per 1g of fat
9 kcal
What percent of diathermy energy should come from fat
35% and no more than 11% from saturated fat
What is the adipose tissue
Surrounds and protects vital organs
What are fat soluble vitamins
Vitamins- A,D,E,K
What are essential fatty acids
Omega 3 and 6 which reduce CHD
What does omega 3 do and 3 sources
Reduces risk of blood clots which reduces risk of arteries in the heart and brain becoming blocked
Oily fish- tuna
Sends- poppy
Nuts- peanut
What does omega 6 do and sources
May reduce LDL cholesterol reducing risk of CVD because less cholesterol is available to be deposited on artery walls Sunflower oil Avocado Walnuts and peanuts Pumpkin seeds
