Macronutrients

Question 1

Carb. Function

Answer 1

Primary Energy source

• Quickly absorbed and digested
• Provide a quick source of energy
• High amounts of energy for a short period of time

Question 2

Simple Carbs

Answer 2

Monosaccharide (single sugar molecules)
-Glucose, Fructose, Galactose, Ribose
Disaccharide (two sugar molecules joined together)
-Lactose, Maltose, Sucrose

Question 3

Complex Carbs

Answer 3

Made up of long chains of glucose molecules

(Also known as Polysaccharides) … Poly meaning many

Question 4

What kinds of complex carbs?

Answer 4

• Starch (found in grains and plants)
• Glycogen (found in animal liver and muscle)
• Fiber (gives plants their structure)

Question 5

Carb AMDR

Answer 5

45-65%

Question 6

Protein

Answer 6

• Builds, repairs, and maintains body cells and tissues
• Made up of amino acids
• Enzyme, hormone, antibody synthesis

Question 7

Amino acids

Answer 7

20 kinds of amino acids

• Body makes all but 9
• The 9 are essential must be acquired thru our diet

Question 8

Complete amino acids

Answer 8

Contain enough amounts of all essential 9 amino acids (animal products)

Question 9

Incomplete amino acids

Answer 9

Lacks one or more of the essential amino acids (Beans, peanut butter, nuts, broccoli, spinach)

Question 10

Protein AMDR

Answer 10

10-35%

Question 11

Fat function

Answer 11

• Energy
• Physiological functions
• Stored as extra energy to be used later
• Vitamin transport(A,D,E,&K)
• Maintains cell functions
• Protection

Question 12

Two types of fat functions:

Answer 12

Saturated and unsaturated

Question 13

Hydrogenated fats

Answer 13

Hydrogen added to unsaturated fats to make them more solid at room temp.
And also increases the shelf life of food….
(Also known as trans fat)

Question 14

Are certain fats found unhealthy?

Answer 14

Saturated and trans fatty acids have been shown to increase the he risk of cardiovascular disease.
-Trans fat are rarely found in nature no are manipulated in their food structure during food processing.

Question 15

Fat AMDR

Answer 15

20-35%

Question 16

Vitamins

Answer 16

Compounds that help keep regulated vital body processes.

Question 17

Water soluble

Answer 17

C,B1,B2,Niacin,B6,Folic Acid,B12

Question 18

Fat soluble

Answer 18

A,D,E,K

Question 19

Fortified and enriched foods

Answer 19

Cereals, breads, flour, dairy products, juice.

Question 20

Minerals

Answer 20

Substances not destroyed by heat/light. They’re rocks/elements. They assist in many body processes.

Question 21

Major minerals

Answer 21

Calcium (bones,teeth,muscles,nerve signals)

Phosphorus (bones, teeth, and potassium, sodium, phosphorus, chloride are all for fluid balance)

Question 22

Iron function

Answer 22

Oxygen transport, stored in two places: blood and muscle

Question 23

Heme iron

Answer 23

Meat

Better absorption

Question 24

Non heme iron

Answer 24

Plants
Not absorbed well
Vitamin C

Question 25

Myoglobin

Answer 25

Iron in muscle

Question 26

Nemoglobin

Answer 26

Iron in blood

Question 27

Calcium

Answer 27

Most abundant mineral in the body

Question 28

AMDR

Answer 28

Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range

• Eating within this range goes towards a healthy diet the reduced risk of disease
• Calculated by taking a % of your total calorie intake.