Macronutrients

Question 1

What is a macronutrient?

Answer 1

Nutrients that are needed in relatively large amounts that provide the body with energy.

Question 2

AMDR for Carbohydrates

Answer 2

16kj, 45-65%

Question 3

AMDR for Protein

Answer 3

17kj, 15-25%

Question 4

AMDR for Fat

Answer 4

37kj, 20-35%

Question 5

What is the structure of Carbohydrate?

Answer 5

Compounds of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.

Question 6

What is the structure of Protein?

Answer 6

Molecule of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur.

Question 7

How many Amino Acids and essential amino acids are there?

Answer 7

There are 22 amino acids, 9 the body cannot make which must be included in the diet.

Question 8

What foods are complete proteins? (7)

Answer 8

• Meat
• Milk
• Eggs
• Cheese
• Soybeans
• Fish
• Chicken

Question 9

What are incomplete proteins and what foods are they? (7)

Answer 9

An incomplete should be mixed with a complete protein to supply the essential amino acids.
- Baked beans
- Spaghetti
- Bread
- Breakfast cereal
- Rice
- Potatoes
- Peas

Question 10

What is the function of protein

Answer 10

• Growth and repair
• Building blocks of the body
• Production of enzymes and cellular material
• Secondary energy source

Question 11

What are the classifications of carbs and examples?

Answer 11

Monosaccharides, the simplest form - glucose, fructose, galactose

Disaccharides, two monosaccharides combined - sucrose, lactose, maltose

Polysaccharides - starch, glucose

Question 12

Saturated fats + foods containing

Answer 12

They are saturated with hydrogen molecules and are usually solid at room temp. Found in animal fats such as meat and milk.

Discretionary foods, takeaway, pastries, biscuits

Question 13

Monounsaturated fat + foods containing

Answer 13

A healthy fat with a number of health benefits. Aiding weight loss, decreases inflammation and can reduce risk of heart disease.

Olive oil, canola oil, avocados, cashews, almonds

Question 14

Polyunsaturated fat

Answer 14

Healthy fats that include Omega3 and Omega6 fatty acids, which are essential for brain function. Must be obtained from foods.

Question 15

Foods containing Omega 3

Answer 15

Oily fish, walnuts, canola oil, flaxseed, green leafy veg

Question 16

Foods containing Omega 6

Answer 16

Sunflower oil, safflower oil, soybean oil, brazil nuts

Question 17

What are Trans fatty acids?

Answer 17

Can occur naturally in foods but also during manufacturing.

Naturally occurring found in some animal products such as meat, butter cheese

Manufactured are formed when liquid vegetable oils are partially hardened to create spreads such as margarine

Question 18

Function of cabohydrates

Answer 18

• Body’s preferred source energy

Question 19

Function of fat

Answer 19

• An energy source the most concentrated
• Transports fat soluble vitamins
• Insulates the body protecting against heat loss

Question 20

What is cholesterol

Answer 20

A type of fat found in the bloodstream, the liver makes it for the body but we also get it from foods. It is essential for the body’s metabolic processes.

Question 21

What foods are high in cholesterol

Answer 21

meat, fish, eggs, butter, cheese, milk

Question 22

High Density Lipoprotein (HDL)

Answer 22

Considered “good”.
It transport excess cholesterol found in the blood back to the liver for removal

Question 23

Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL)

Answer 23

Considered “bad”.
High levels can lead to a buildup of cholesterol on the artery wall which may lead to heart disease and heart attacks.