Macromolecules (Chpt 3)

Question 1

Organic compound definition

Answer 1

carbon containing and covalently bonded with H (almost always)

Question 2

Carbon chemistry

Answer 2

outside shell (Venus) has 4 electrons; 
will want to COVALENTLY bond with 4 other elements, such as another C, H, O, N, in order to become stable and happy

Question 3

4 Macromolecules and building blocks (or monomers)

all these 4 macromolecules are organic cpds— why?

Answer 3

Carbohydrates (glucose), Lipid (fatty acid), Proteins( amino acid), Nucleic acid (nucleotides)

Question 4

Role of water in making or breaking down polymers

Answer 4

To make polymers, water is removed in the reaction.

To break down polymers, water is needed in the reaction

Question 5

Review the types of carbohydrates and the subtypes of polysaccharides

Answer 5

review slides under carbohydrates

Question 6

Similarities among starch, glycogen and cellulose

Differences amongst the 3 polysaccharides

Answer 6

review slides under polysaccharides

Question 7

Lipids and types (and basic characteristics)

Answer 7

Fat (triglycerides), Steroids, Phospholipids

Question 8

Types of fats and characteristics

Answer 8

review slides under saturated, unsaturated fats

Question 9

Proteins, functions, and characteristics

Answer 9

Protein building blocks are amino acids.
Amino acids linked together to become proteins through peptide bonds.
Proteins are sensitive to temperature and pH changes
Functions of proteins ( check slide)

Question 10

Nucleic acids, types and nucleotide parts

Answer 10

DNA and RNA (types)

Nucleotides (the building block) made up of pentose sugar, phosphate and nitrogen base

Question 11

Distinguish DNA from RNA based on structure and function

Answer 11

check table under slide “Nucleic Acids”;
also: DNA is double stranded and helical /spiral
RNA is single strand and not spiral

Question 12

Rule for nitrogen base pairing

Answer 12

Apple on a Tree; Car on the Garage