Macromolecules Chap 3 Flashcards
What are the four classes of macromolecules?
Protein
Lipids
Carbohydrates
Nucleic acid
What makes a molecule a macromolecule
Hydrocarbon ( carbon-hydrogen)
Macromolecules can also be
Polymers?
Polymers
Are many single unit monomers
Example; DNA
Carbohydrates (Consist of carbon , hydrogen, oxygen)
Building block: monosaccharides
What are classification of carbohydrates
Simple : monosaccharides ( glucose)
Complex: polysaccharides ( glucose polymers)
Cellulose
A glucose polymer that offer plant support, energy storage and makes up the cell walls, source of food for plants and seeds
Glycogen?
Stored in liver of animal
A branched polymer
Use for immediate energy
Cellular Respiration?
Is the process of breaking down glucose in the mitochondria.
We have 36ATP molecules of energy per each glucose
Lipid is made up of ?
Building block?
Mostly Carbon Hydrogen and some oxygen
Fatty acids
Function of Lipids
Insulate the body to maintain normal temperature
Lipids; W waterproof
I. Insulates
S. Steroids and sex hormones
E. Energy
C. Cushion
Hydrophobic tail
Hydrophilic
Hate water ( phospholipids
Love water
Fatty monomers
What’s Triglycerides?
Glycerides
Glycerol group with 3 fatty acids chain
Proteins
Made of carbon,hydrogen,oxygen,nitrogen (some sulfur)
Think MEAN
M = membranes
E= Enzymes
A= Antibodies
N=Non steroid hormones
S=Structural molecules
Keratin
A protein that support hair, nails,skin
We have 54kinds
Peptide bond?
Creates a polypeptide
Bonds amino acids together
Why is protein shape important
Protein shapes determine its function
Ribosomes ?
Hemoglobin?
They are responsible for the creation of protein
A protein in the red blood cell that carries oxygen
Pepsin?
Lactase?
Amylase?
Pepsin ; breaks down proteins
Lactase: lactose sugar
Amylase : amylose
What are factors that affects enzymes?
Temperature
Work best at optimal , high temperature denature , low temp slow down function
Substrate specific
PH optimal neutral ph7
