Macromolecules and nutrients Flashcards
what contains at least two hydroxyl groups
carbohydrates
what else do carbs offer
external protection for cells
what are monosaccharides
the simplest carbohydrates
difference between trioses pentoses and hexoses
the amount of carbon atoms
what are oligosaccharides
when 2-10 monosaccharides link they are referred to
linkages between monosaccharides are called
glycosidic links
when theres more than 10 monosaccharides its called what
polysaccharides
functions of polusaccharides
major constituent in dietary fibre
what is starch
major form of cabohydrate
lipids
exist as large tissue, low solubility
what is a the structure of a typical fatty acid chain
12-26 carbon chain, H all around, carboxylate at end
when is a fatty acid saturated
when all carbons are linked by single bonds
what is the most abundant lipid category
triglycerides/triaglycerdides
what do triglycerides serve as
energy deposits
vitamins and minerals
vital regulators in bodily functions, no energy value
sodium
essential for electrical transmission in nerves and muscles
potassium
interacts with Na+ to maintain fluid balance
calcium
critical component of bones and blood clotting
magnesium
cofactor for hundreds of enzymes
iron
embedded in proteins handling oxygen and the ETC
