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Finals > Macromolecules > Flashcards

Macromolecules Flashcards

1
Q

What is the monomer of a carbohydrate called?

A

Monosaccharides

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2
Q

Starch cellulose and glycogen are all

A

Polymers

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3
Q

This type of macromolecule stores and communicates genetic information

A

Nucleic acid

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4
Q

Water is very good at dissolving other substances which is why it is often called the

A

Universal solvent

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5
Q

What is monomer of a nucleic acid

A

Nucleotide

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6
Q

Water is able to moderate temperatures so well because of its high

A

Specific heat

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7
Q

At what level of protein structure do you find the alpha helix and pleated sheets

A

Secondary

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8
Q

Name two groups attached to the central carbon of an amino acid

A

Amino group and carboxylic acid group

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9
Q

Another name commonly used for glucose

A

Dextrose

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10
Q

Fiber is another term we could use for which carbohydrate

A

Cellulose

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11
Q

What causes water to have such a strong surface tension

A

Hydrogen bonds

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12
Q

Two amino acids joined together using which type of bond

A

Peptide bond

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13
Q

What is the main function of carbohydrates in humans

A

Energy

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14
Q

Stores energy and act as a barrier such as in cell membranes

A

Lipids

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15
Q

This macromolecule is vital in the transport of substances speeding up reactions structural support and transmitting signals

A

Protein

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16
Q

How many carbon hydrogen and oxygen what do you need to make a glucose molecule

A

C6 H12 06

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17
Q

Which polysaccharide provide structural support in plants

A

Cellulose

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18
Q

How many protons does oxygen have

A

Eight

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19
Q

The fact that water has a bent shape and has positive and negative regions makes water a blank molecule

A

Polar

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20
Q

What specific type of protein help speed up reactions in biological processes

A

Enzymes

21
Q

The ability of water to clean to other substances other than itself is known as

A

Adhesion

22
Q

What components make up a triglyceride

A

Three fatty acids and glycerol

23
Q

The basic building blocks of proteins

A

Amino acids

24
Q

In order to make a fatty acid unsaturated you must remove

A

Hydrogen

25
Q

What is the ratio that carbohydrates usually follow

A

1:2:1

26
Q

Glucose is a monomer for what type of macromolecule

A

Carbohydrate

27
Q

What other simple sugars has the same chemical formula as glucose

A

fructose and galactose

28
Q

Simple sugars like glucose are called

A

Monosaccharides

29
Q

Where is each type of polysaccharide found

A

Starch in plants energy
glycogen in animals cellulose in plants structure

30
Q

What is dehydration synthesis

A

A chemical reaction that involves the loss of a water molecule from the reacting molecule

31
Q

Glycine is what type of monomer

A

Amino acid

32
Q

Name the four things attached to the center carbon in all amino acids

A

Hydrogen amino group carboxylic acid group side chain

33
Q

How many amino acids exist

A

20

34
Q

What element is found in amino acid that isn’t found in simple sugars like glucose or fructose

A

Nitrogen

35
Q

Amino acids joined together to make what type of macromolecule

A

Pro Tien

36
Q

Glycerone is one of two molecules that make up a monomer known as

A

Triglycerides

37
Q

Glycerol and other organic compounds with an OL ending or called

A

Neutral fat

38
Q

Triglycerides are the monitors for what type of macromolecule

A

Lipids

39
Q

Give three types of lipids and their function

A

neutral fats fuel for animals sterols
Phospholipids

40
Q

Fatty acids are made up of long chains of carbon Adams with attached

A

Hydrogen and oxygen atoms

41
Q

How many bonds does each carbon have

A

Four

42
Q

How many bonds does each hydrogen have

A

One

43
Q

What three elements make up fatty acids

A

Oxygen hydrogen carbon

44
Q

Cytisine is an example of a nitrogen base found on

A

Nucleic acids

45
Q

Name the two nucleic acids found in organisms

A

DNA and RNA

46
Q

Name the four elements making up cytosine

A

Nitrogen hydrogen oxygen carbon

47
Q

What nitrogen base is found on RNA but not DNA

A

Uracil

48
Q

What function do nucleic acid serve

A

Store and communicate genetic information

Finals (4 decks)

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