Macromolecule Of Life Flashcards

1
Q

What are organic compounds?

A

Compounds containing carbon atoms bonded to hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen.

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2
Q

What do many organic molecules contain?

A

Rings or chains of carbon atoms with additional atoms attached (functional groups).

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3
Q

What is a functional group?

A

It gives the organic molecule specific chemical properties.

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4
Q

What are the 5 important functional groups?

A
  1. Hydroxyl
  2. Carboxyl
  3. Amino
  4. Sulfhydryl
  5. Phosphate
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5
Q

What is the role of food in living organisms?

A

Food provides energy.

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6
Q

What are macromolecules?

A

Larger organic molecules with dozens of carbon atoms and many functional groups.

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7
Q

What is a polymer?

A

A large molecule made up of repeating units (monomers).

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8
Q

What is the monomer of carbohydrates?

A

Monosaccharide.

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9
Q

What is the monomer of lipids?

A

Fatty acid.

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10
Q

What is the monomer of proteins?

A

Amino acid.

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11
Q

What are the 4 major categories of macromolecules?

A
  1. Carbohydrates (CHO)
  2. Proteins
  3. Lipids (fats)
  4. Nucleic acids - DNA/RNA
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12
Q

What are the 6 types of nutrients in our food?

A
  1. Carbohydrates (CHO)
  2. Proteins
  3. Lipids (fats)
  4. Water
  5. Vitamins
  6. Minerals
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13
Q

What do carbohydrates provide?

A

Energy for brain and muscles during physical activity.

Examples: bread, pasta, vegetables, fruits.

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14
Q

What are the functions of lipids (fats)?

A

Store energy, protect organs, help in the absorption of vitamins, essential for cell membrane and hormone production.

Examples: olive oil, butter, avocado, nuts.

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15
Q

What are the functions of proteins?

A

Build and repair tissues, produce enzymes and hormones, support immune function.

Examples: meat, fish, egg, tofu.

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16
Q

What is the role of water in the body?

A

Regulates body temperature, transports nutrients and waste, essential for all bodily functions.

Examples: water, fruits, vegetables.

17
Q

What are the functions of vitamins?

A

Support immune function, regulate metabolism, promote growth and repair of tissues.

Examples: fruits, vegetables, eggs.

18
Q

What are the functions of minerals?

A

Essential for bone health, nerve function, muscle function, and all cellular processes.

Examples: salt, meat, leafy green vegetables, whole grains.