Macromolecule Of Life

Question 1

What are organic compounds?

Answer 1

Compounds containing carbon atoms bonded to hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen.

Question 2

What do many organic molecules contain?

Answer 2

Rings or chains of carbon atoms with additional atoms attached (functional groups).

Question 3

What is a functional group?

Answer 3

It gives the organic molecule specific chemical properties.

Question 4

What are the 5 important functional groups?

Answer 4

1. Hydroxyl
2. Carboxyl
3. Amino
4. Sulfhydryl
5. Phosphate

Question 5

What is the role of food in living organisms?

Answer 5

Food provides energy.

Question 6

What are macromolecules?

Answer 6

Larger organic molecules with dozens of carbon atoms and many functional groups.

Question 7

What is a polymer?

Answer 7

A large molecule made up of repeating units (monomers).

Question 8

What is the monomer of carbohydrates?

Answer 8

Monosaccharide.

Question 9

What is the monomer of lipids?

Answer 9

Fatty acid.

Question 10

What is the monomer of proteins?

Answer 10

Amino acid.

Question 11

What are the 4 major categories of macromolecules?

Answer 11

1. Carbohydrates (CHO)
2. Proteins
3. Lipids (fats)
4. Nucleic acids - DNA/RNA

Question 12

What are the 6 types of nutrients in our food?

Answer 12

1. Carbohydrates (CHO)
2. Proteins
3. Lipids (fats)
4. Water
5. Vitamins
6. Minerals

Question 13

What do carbohydrates provide?

Answer 13

Energy for brain and muscles during physical activity.

Examples: bread, pasta, vegetables, fruits.

Question 14

What are the functions of lipids (fats)?

Answer 14

Store energy, protect organs, help in the absorption of vitamins, essential for cell membrane and hormone production.

Examples: olive oil, butter, avocado, nuts.

Question 15

What are the functions of proteins?

Answer 15

Build and repair tissues, produce enzymes and hormones, support immune function.

Examples: meat, fish, egg, tofu.

Question 16

What is the role of water in the body?

Answer 16

Regulates body temperature, transports nutrients and waste, essential for all bodily functions.

Examples: water, fruits, vegetables.

Question 17

What are the functions of vitamins?

Answer 17

Support immune function, regulate metabolism, promote growth and repair of tissues.

Examples: fruits, vegetables, eggs.

Question 18

What are the functions of minerals?

Answer 18

Essential for bone health, nerve function, muscle function, and all cellular processes.

Examples: salt, meat, leafy green vegetables, whole grains.