Macrominerals (>100mg/d)

Question 1

component of bone, muscle contraction, nerve regulation

Answer 1

calcium

Question 2

rickets, osteolamalcia, osteoporosis, tetany

Answer 2

Ca deficiency

Question 3

decreased muscle tone, Ca deposits in soft tissue, renal failure

Answer 3

Ca toxicity

Question 4

sources: milk, green leafy veggies, canned fish with bones

Answer 4

Ca

Question 5

regulated by Vit D - gut –> blood; Calcitonin (thyroid) BLOOD –> bone; PTH: bone –> blood (parathyroid)

Answer 5

Ca

Question 6

component of bones, ATP, nucleic acids

Answer 6

phosphorus function

Question 7

regulated by kidney

Answer 7

phosphorus (P)

Question 8

rickets, osteomalacia, also renal dysfunction

Answer 8

phosphorus deficiency

Question 9

may lead to bone loss

Answer 9

P toxicity

Question 10

H2o distribution, osmosis, AP, bicarbonate

Answer 10

sodium function

Question 11

regulated by aldosterone

Answer 11

sodium and potassium

Question 12

hyponatremia, confusion, coma

Answer 12

Na deficiency

Question 13

hypertension (extracellular)

Answer 13

Na toxicity

Question 14

nerve and muscle AP (intracellular)

Answer 14

K function

Question 15

caused by diuretics, muscle weakness

Answer 15

K deficiency

Question 16

cardiac arrest

Answer 16

K toxicity

Question 17

acid base blood, H2O balance

Answer 17

chlorine function

Question 18

secondary to vomiting

Answer 18

Cl deficiency

Question 19

component of bones, co factor for kinase, needed for glucose breakdown

Answer 19

Mg function

Question 20

diabetes, HTN, increased blood cholesterol, spasms blood vessels

Answer 20

Mg deficiency

Question 21

poisoning - miners, neuro symptoms (Parkinsons)

Answer 21

Mg toxicity