macrolides

Question 1

Mechanism of Action

Answer 1

Inhibits protein synthesis by binding to bacterial ribosome
Used with bacteria residing inside host cells
Listeria, Chlamydia, Neisseria, and Legionella

Question 2

Primary Use

Answer 2

whooping cough, Legionnaire’s disease, streptococcus, H. influenzae, & Mycoplasma pneumoniae
respiratory infections

Question 3

Adverse effects

Answer 3

: nausea, abdominal cramping & vomiting, diarrhea, superinfections, concern about resistant bacterial strains, Anaphylaxis, ototoxicity, hepatotoxicity, superinfections, dysrhythmias, anemia (fidaxomicin), neutropenia (fidaxomicin)

Question 4

clarithromycin

Answer 4

peptic ulcer cause by H.pylori

Question 5

Fidaxomicin

Answer 5

C.diff infection

Question 6

Azithromycin

Answer 6

gonorrhea

Question 7

erythromycin (EES)

Answer 7

Low dose (bacteriostatic effect), high dose (bactericidal effect)
Effective in gram-(+) & many gram (-)bacteria
Alternative treatment if hypersensitive to PCN
Primary use: whooping cough; Legionnaire’s disease; respiratory infections
Adverse effects: nausea, abdominal cramping, vomiting, diarrhea (administer drug with food)
High doses: Cardiotoxicity, fatal dysrhythmias, sensorineural hearing loss, hepatotoxicity
Hearing loss, vertigo, dizziness, particularly in older adults & if hepatic or renal impairment
Anesthetics, azole antifungals, & anticonvulsants may interact & cause toxicity
Use with simvastatin or lovastatin is not recommended:
Risk of muscle toxicity