Macroevolution Flashcards
Which statement(s) is (are) true about human evolution?
a. Chimpanzees are our most closely related living species.
b. Biological and cultural evolution influence each other.
c. There is a rich fossil record of human ancestors consisting of more than 20 hominid species.
d. all of the above
d. all of the above
In a bird that never enters the water, what type of feature would webbed
a. homologous
b. analogous
c. vestigial
d. none of the above
c. vestigial
Analogous structures are body parts of organisms where
a. the organisms have no common evolutionary origin, but the structures perform similar functions
b. the body parts look similar, but they perform different functions
c. the body parts look different, but they have similar functions
d. the organisms have a common evolutionary origin but the structures perform different functions
e. the organisms look different, but they have a common evolutionary origin
a. the organisms have no common evolutionary origin, but the structures perform similar functions
Vertebrates have homologous structures because…
a. the examples given use these parts
b. they all share the same ecological niche
c. they show progress to an improved form Incorrect
d. they are all equally complex
e. they share a common ancestor
e. they share a common ancestor
Which structure is analogous to a bat’s wing?
a. whale flipper
b. butterfly wing
c. human arm
d. bird wing
e. horse leg
b. butterfly wing
What is embryology?
a. the classification of animal embryos
b. a stage of fish farming
c. the study of pre-birth stages of development
d. the study of genetically modified embryos
e. a strategy to preserve endangered animals with surrogate mothers
c. the study of pre-birth stages of development
What is a transitional fossil?
a. a fossil that reveals links between groups of organisms
b. fossils found between eras
c. a snapshot of an ancestral form
d. fossils of immature organisms that are not yet in adult form
e. all of the above
a. a fossil that reveals links between groups of organisms
What are homologous structures?
a. similar structures with identical uses
b. similar structures that have similar functions
c. similar structures with different functions
d. similar structures on different individuals
e. different structures used for different purposes
c. similar structures with different functions
Which of these is not a vestigial structure?
a. ostrich bird wings
b. human appendix
c. human tailbone
d. pelvic bones of a modern whale
e. tooth-like scales on sharks
e. tooth-like scales on sharks
Which of these structures is not homologous to the horse foreleg?
a. frog foreleg
b. human arm
c. bat wing
d. lobster claw
e. dolphin flipper
d. lobster claw
How do the Galapagos finches support biogeography?
a. Related species are geographically close.
b. Similar finches are not found on other equatorial islands.
c. Animals on islands resemble animals found on the closest continent.
d. Species evolve in one location and then spread out to other regions.
e. all of the above
e. all of the above
How does the fossil evidence support the model of punctuated equilibrium
a. The fossil record is incomplete.
b. Evolutionary change is slow and steady.
c. Mammals in the Triassic show gradual change.
d. Big changes occur by the accumulation of many small changes.
e. Paleontologists find fossil species that appear suddenly and show a period of rapid change.
e. Paleontologists find fossil species that appear suddenly and show a period of rapid change.
Dogs have toes on each front limb that serve no useful function. What ty
a. analogous feature
b. vestigial feature
c. homologous feature
d. none of the above
Dogs have toes on each front limb that serve no useful function. What type of feature are these toes?
c. vestigial feature
true or false?
natural selection operates not to create variation, but to edit existing variation.
true
what is Comparative anatomy
The comparision of structures between a species and their ancestor/relative
define biogeography
the geographical distribution of species
what happens to unrelated species from different regions when their envi
what happens to unrelated species from different regions when their environments are similar?
they go through convergent evolution
