Macro and mineral elements needed by humans

Question 1

Function of sodium

Answer 1

Nerve impulse transmission

Water regulation in body

Question 2

Deficiency diseases of sodium

Answer 2

Coma and seizures
Nerve problems
Swelling
Decreased muscle function

Question 3

Function of potassium

Answer 3

Nerve impulse transmission

Water regulation in body

Question 4

Deficiency diseases of potassium

Answer 4

Fatigue
Muscle weakness and cramps
Slow reflexes
Irregular heartbeat
Mood changes
Dry skin and acne
Increased urine production

Question 5

Function of calcium

Answer 5

Bone strength

Muscle function

Question 6

Deficiency diseases of calcium

Answer 6

Osteoporosis
Irregular heartbeat
Muscle spasms

Question 7

Function of phosphorous

Answer 7

Bone strength
Energy production
Structure phospholipids in cell membrane, DNA, RNA, ATP

Question 8

Deficiency diseases of phosphorus

Answer 8

Muscle dysfunction
Nerve dysfunction
Osteoporosis

Question 9

Function of iron

Answer 9

Produces haemoglobin
Part of enzyme function
Energy production

Question 10

Deficiency diseases of iron

Answer 10

Anaemia

Lethargy

Question 11

Function of iodine

Answer 11

Producing the hormone
Thyroxine
Maintaining metabolism

Question 12

Deficiency diseases of iodine

Answer 12

Hypothyroidism
Goitre
Cretinism
Mental retardation
Breast and stomach cancer