Machines Flashcards
What do machines do?
Multiply force or distance (ie. make a task easier)
What are levers made up of?
Fulcrum/pivot, load and effort
What is in the middle of a type 1 lever?
Fulcrum/pivot
What is in the middle of a type 2 lever?
Load
What is in the middle of a type 3 lever?
Effort
What is a moment?
A turning force
What are the units for moments?
Nm/Ncm/Nmm etc.
What is the equation for moments?
Moment = Force x Distance
What is the equation for force?
Force = Moment/Distance
What is the equation for distance?
Force = moment/force
What two directions do moments exist in?
Clockwise and anti-clockwise
What do levers need to have?
Equal moments (ie force x distance = force x distance)
What is equilibrium?
It is when moments are equal
What do gears do?
They transfer forces and motion from one object to another
What is it called when gears are touching?
They are meshed together
What is it called when 3 or more gears are together?
A gear train
What do gears turn on?
An axel
What can a gears change?
Speed and direction
What is it called when gears meet at an angle?
Bevel gears
What is it called when gears use screws?
A worm gear
In a single pulley what is load equal to?
The force applied
How many strings does a single pulley have?
1
How far do you have to pull the string on a single pulley to lift the load 10cm?
10cm (1:1)
What is the ratio of two single pulleys?
2:1
What is the ratio of a double and single pulley?
3:1
What is the ratio of two double pulleys?
4:1
What is the equation for pulleys?
Load x distance lifted = effort x distance pulled
What is the most important rule for energy?
Energy can not be created or destroyed only changed from one form to another
