Machine Overview- EXAM 2 Flashcards
the anesthesia workstation consists of:
- anesthesia machine
- vaporizers
- ventilator
- breathing system
- scavenging system
- respiratory and physiologic monitors
An ________________ integrates most of the components necessary for administration of anesthesia into one unit.
anesthesia workstation
the anesthesia workstation provides delivery of medical gases and volatile anesthetics at the ______________
Common gas outlet
Which kind of gas is removed from the breathing system?
Exhaled gases
How often do computer driven machine need to be turn off and restarted?
Every 24 hrs
Who sets the standards for the anesthesia workstations?
- American Society for testing and materials ASTM
- American National standards Institute ANSI
What are the 5 pathways of oxygen?
- flow to fresh gas flowmeters
- powers the oxygen flush valve
- activates the fail safe mechanism
- activates the oxygen low pressure alarm
- compresses the bellows of the ventilator
The air pressure system contains what 3 types of pressure systems?
- high pressure
- intermediate pressure
- low pressure
The high pressure system consists of:
- cylinders/tanks: the pressure within them
The purpose of the high pressure system is to :
Reduces pressure suitable for use in the machine
E cyclinder reduces pressure from _____ psi to _____ psi in order for it to be compatible with the machine.
- 2000
- 45
The pressure indicator that displays the cylinder pressure for each gas is supplies by the __________.
Cyclinders
The intermediate system consists of :
- pneumatic part of the master switch
- pipeline sources (O2, N2O and Air- DISS diameter index safety system)
- pressure regulators
- oxygen pressure failure device
- oxygen flush valve
- flowmeter control valves
The purpose of the DISS (diameter index safety system) system for pipeline gas:
- to provide non interchangeable connections for medical gas lines
- only properly mated parts will fit together and allow threads to engage
- each connector will only fit into certain sizes
The low pressure system consists of:
- flow meter tubes
- hypoxia prevention safety device
- unidirectional valves (outlet check valve)
- pressure relief devices
- common gas outlet
- vaporizers/vaporizers manifold
- (pressure is slightly above atmospheric pressure)
Engaging the O2 flush valve will deliver how much oxygen?
35-70 L/min of O2
What is the main driving force of the anesthesia machine?
Oxygen
Every anesthesia machine should be equipped with a backup ______?
O2 tank
Air contains what fraction of oxygen?
21%
How much oxygen is contain in nitrous oxide?
0%
Exhaled gases are removed by which part of the machine?
Scavenging system
Anesthetic gas and O2 is delivered via the _________
Common gas outlet
All machine have a master function to turn on the ________ and __________.
Pneumatic and electrical component of the machine
The O2 pressure sensor shut-off valve is a safety valve located downstream from the ________
N2O supply source
The purpose of O2 pressure sensor shut-off valve:
Is to shut off N2O or proportionally decrease the supply of N2O allowed into the machine, if O2 supply pressure decreases to a pre-determined threshold value (25 psi)
- anesthetic will flow but it’s only being run off of O2
The O2 pressure sensor shut-off valve cannot prevent hypoxic mixtures because it only detects _______.
Pressure
Oxygen enters the machine and flows to the: (2 components)
- pressure-sensor shutoff valve
- and the oxygen supply failure alarm
What are the 2 types of pressure-sensor shut off systems?
- proportioning type (OFPD- oxygen failure protection device)
- threshold type
2 sources of O2 supply and there corresponding pressures:
- pipeline: 50-55 psi
- cylinder: 2200 psi
Cylinders are primarily a _________ source of gas.
Secondary
The cylinder pressure needs to down regulated from 2200 psi to _____ psi, in order to be compatible with the machine.
45 psi
DISS fittings are applicable to which 2 gases?
O2 and N2O
The typical O2 cylinder used in the:
E cylinder
The PISS (pin index safety system) prevent:
The wrong gas tank being attached to the wrong gas outlet source
Oxygen’s PIN number are:
2 and 5 (green)
Nitrous oxide PIN numbers are:
3 and 5 (blue in color)
Air’s PIN numbers are:
1 and 5 (yellow in color)
E cylinder contains: how much pressure and how many liters of O2?
- 2000 psi
- 625-700L
Nitrous is stored as:
Liquid
N2O cylinder pressure is reduced from 745 psi to ______ psi.
45 psi
The purpose of flowmeters is to:
Measure gas flow to the common gas outlet
The oxygen flow meter is positioned…
Downstream from nitrous
Why is the oxygen flowmeter positioned down stream from the nitrous
To prevent a hypoxic mixture if a leak is present (not full proof)
List 3 characteristics of O2 flow nob:
- distinctively fluted
- projects beyond the control knobs of other gases
- larger in diameter
Use of the O2 flush in a patient can potentially cause:
Barotrauma
The O2 flush will deliver:
35 to 75L/min
2 purposes of the O2 flush:
- aid in the machine check
- helps fill bellows on the expiratory phase of respiration
To check the proportioning link system you turn on the N2O and what else should turn on with it?
- O2
If you are running 2L of O2 and 2L of N2O, what is your FiO2?
- FiO2 is 50%
Anesthesia machine check: What are the 2 main checks?
- machine check daily
- circuit check before each new case
What is the gold standard for ventilation monitoring?
EtCO2
EtCO2 is best for revealing:
Disconnect
The most important monitor on the machine:
Oxygen analyzer (helps detect hypoxia) - calibrate at 21% O2
What are we checking on the machine?
- gas line connections
- ventilator check
- flow meter controls
- vaporizer levels
- oxygen analyzer
- low pressure circuit leak test
- circle system test
- workstation self tests
What part of the machine detects problems downstream from flow control valves?
Oxygen analyzer
What is the purpose low pressure circuit test?
It checks the integrity of the machine from the flow control valves to the common gas outlet
1993 FDA Negative-Pressure Leak Test: purpose of the suction bulb-
If the bulb remains collapsed or at least 10 seconds the machine is leak free
Purpose of the circle system check:
It evaluates the integrity of the circle breathing system
The circle breathing system extends from the ….
Common gas outlet to the Y-piece
The circle system leak test is performed by:
Occluding the Y-piece, the APL valve is closed and the circuit is pressurized to 30 cm of water using the O2 flush valve (does not assess integrity of unidirectional valves)
The circle system flow test is performed by:
Attaching breathing bag to Y-piece, turn on the ventilator and assess the integrity of unidirectional valves
