Machine Guarding Flashcards
where work is performed on the material, such as cutting, shaping, boring, or forming of stock.
Point of operation
transmits energy to the part of the machine performing the work
Power Transmission Device
Control mechanisms
Operation Controls
can include reciprocating, rotating, and transverse moving parts, feed mechanisms, and auxiliary parts of the machine
Other moving parts
Key parts of machines
Point of Operation
Power Transmission Device
Operation Controls
Other Moving Parts
Hazards to be Guarded
In-running nip points
Rotating equipment
Flying chips or sparks
Belts or gears
Parts that impact or shear
In-Running Nip Points
Between 2 rotating parts
Between rotating and tangential parts
Between rotating and fixed parts which shear, crush, or abrade
Guarding Principles
Prevent contact
Secure guard
Protect from objects
No new hazards
No interference
Allow safe lubrication
Prevent contact between hazardous moving parts and body or clothing
Secure guard: not easily removed
Protect from objects falling into machinery
No new hazards: sharp/rough edges
No interference with job/comfort/speed
Allow safe lubrication: without removing guards if possible
Guarding Principles
Guarding Methods
Location / distance
Guards:
Fixed
Interlocked
Adjustable
Self-adjusting
is a permanent part of machine
Preferable over other types
(Fixed Guard)
Barrier
Stops motion when guard is opened or removed
Interlocked Guard
Barrier may be adjusted for variable operations
Adjustable Guard
Adjusts according to size/position of material
Self-Adjusting Guard
Cables attached to operator’s hands or wrists
Removes hands from point of operation during danger period
Pullback Device
Cables attached to fixed point and wrists or hands
Adjustable to let hands travel in predetermined area
May be accompanied by hand-feeding tools
Restraint Device
Device located around the perimeter of or near the danger area
Operator must be able to reach the cable to stop the machine
Safety Tripwire Cable
Requires constant pressure on both pads to activate the machine
Hands on controls at safe distance while machine is in dangerous cycle
Two-Hand Control
Must close fully to protect user before cycle will start
Gate
Location of hazardous parts that is inaccessible or not a hazard during normal operation
Must maintain safe distance
Training, warning, communication necessary
Safeguarding by Location/Distance
Protection from flying particles or splashing fluids
Do not protectcompletely frommachine hazards
Protective Shields
Parts Requiring Guarding
Drive belts and shafts – mud pumps and tank area
Pony rods
Rotating parts
Shale shaker
Agitator shafts & couplings
Moving generator parts
Air compressors
Crown sheaves
Kelly bushing – or controls
Rotary chain drive
Air hoist line
Drawworks
Bench grinder wheels
Belts, drive chains, gears and drives on power and hand tools
Traveling blocks
Sheaves
Cathead
Safety Responsibilities
Management:
Supervisors:
Employees:
Ensure all machinery is properly guarded
Management
Train employees on specific guard rules in their areas
Ensure machine guards remain in place and are functional
Immediately correct machine guard deficiencies
Supervisors
Do not remove guards unless machine is locked and tagged
Report machine guard problems to supervisors immediately
Do not operate equipment unless guards are in place
Employees
Operators/affected employees should receive training on
Hazards associated with particular machines
How the safeguards provide protection and the hazards for which they are intended
How and why to use the safeguards
How and when safeguards can be removed and by whom
What to do if a safeguard is damaged, missing, or unable to provide adequate protection
Risk of being struck between stationary and moving part
Reciprocating Parts
Continuous straight line motion
Worker struck or caught in pinch or shear point
Transverse motion
Direct injury from cutting action
Flying chips or sparks
Saws, drills, lathes, mills
Cutting action
Ram stamps materials
Danger at point of operation
Punching action
Powered blade that shears materials
Hazard at point of operation
Shearing action
Power applied to a slide to stamp/shape materials.
Hazard at point of operation.
Bending action
