M9: Pathways to Poorer Health Flashcards
What are the 6 pathways to poorer health?
- Economic and social deprivation
- Toxic substances and hazardous conditions
- Discrimination and socially inflicted trauma
- Targeted marketing of harmful commodities
- Inadequate or degrading medical care
- Degradation of ecosystems
6 pathways to poorer health
How does Economic and social deprivation lead to poorer health ?
Economic and social deprivation leads to poorer health by limiting access to essential resources like nutritious food, healthcare, and safe living conditions, while increasing stress and exposure to harmful environments.
6 pathways to poorer health
How do Toxic substances and hazardous conditions lead to poorer health ?
Toxic substances and hazardous conditions harm health by directly causing diseases, injuries, and chronic conditions through prolonged exposure to harmful chemicals, pollutants, and unsafe environments.
6 pathways to poorer health
How does Discrimination and socially inflicted trauma lead to poorer health ?
Discrimination and socially inflicted trauma lead to poorer health by causing chronic stress, mental health issues, and barriers to accessing healthcare and social support systems.
6 pathways to poorer health
How does Targeted marketing of harmful commodities lead to poorer health ?
Targeted marketing of harmful commodities leads to poorer health by promoting the consumption of products like tobacco, alcohol, and unhealthy foods, which increase the risk of chronic diseases and poor lifestyle habits.
Ex. Cigs catered to sell to black/indigenous
6 pathways to poorer health
How do Inadequate or degrading medical care lead to poorer health ?
Inadequate or degrading medical care leads to poorer health by delaying treatment, mismanaging conditions, and discouraging individuals from seeking necessary healthcare, resulting in worsened outcomes and preventable complications. “less likley to go to a doctor”
6 pathways to poorer health
How does Degradation of ecosystems lead to poorer health ?
Degradation of ecosystems leads to poorer health by reducing access to clean air, water, and food, increasing exposure to infectious diseases, and contributing to climate-related health risks such as heatwaves and natural disasters.
What are Liv’s Examples of these pathways in action? (4)
A. Racially-motivated hate crimes
B. The ‘weathering effect’
C. Barriers to accessing adequate health care
D. Migration & resettlement and health
Liv’s Examples
What are A) Racially motivated hate crimes?
Liv’s Examples
What is B) The Weathering Effect?
The effect of premature biological aging and associated health risks as a result of being repeatedly exposed to social adversity and marginalization (Dr. Arline Geronimus)
In response to stress, norepinephrine, epinephrine, & cortisol
- excessive amounts can harm health
- repeated releases of these substances in high amounts over time may lead to secondary physiological effects
Liv’s Examples
What are the 2 barriers to
C) Access to Health Care?
- Barriers to accessing adequate health care
- Provider-related barriers
C) Access to Health Care
What are Barriers to accessing adequate health care?
- Language barriers/lack of interpretation services
- Lack of cultural representation
- Differing cultural norms and health beliefs/practices
- Dismissive attitudes of health care practitioners
C) Access to Health Care
What are Provider-related barriers?
- Health care professionals perceive they are practicing non-biased medicine/health care
- Research shows health care providers often influenced by internalization of stereotypes
C) Access to Health Care
What does lower access to healthcare increase the rates of?
higher rates of:
- Depression
- Psychological distress
- Hypertension
- High blood pressure
Liv’s Examples
How do D) Migration, Resettlement and Health lead to poorer health?
- ‘Healthy immigrant effect’: refers to research findings that newly arrived immigrants appear to have a health advantage but after a period of time, their health status tends to converge toward that of the host population
- The influence of resettlement – unique Stressors, e.g., poverty, unemployment, language barriers, lack of access to services
- Immigrant and refugee women
- Previous living conditions matter
