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M8 R > M8.1 > Flashcards

M8.1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the SI system based on?

A

The metric system

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2
Q

How are laws of physics defined?

A

By fundamental units and basic quantities

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3
Q

What is the unit of measurement for mass?

A

Kilograms (kg)

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4
Q

How is the mass of one kilogram defined?

A

By a piece of platinum alloy at the office of weights and measurements in Paris

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5
Q

What is the mass of 1 kilogram the same as?

A

The volume of one litre of pure water at 4 Celsius

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6
Q

What is the unit of measurement for length?

A

Metres (m)

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7
Q

How was the metre established?

A

By the french government in 1790

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8
Q

How is a metre more precisely defined?

A

A certain number of wavelengths or particular colour of light

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9
Q

What is the unit for time?

A

Seconds (s)

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10
Q

How are seconds defined?

A

A fraction of the unchangeable speed of light

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11
Q

What is the unit for temperature?

A

Kelvin (k)

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12
Q

What is zero kelvin also known as?

A

Absolute zero (because its the lowest temperature possible)

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13
Q

How does the Kelvin scale work?

A

Starts at zero and only goes up

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14
Q

What is 1 kelvin equal to?

A

1 Celsius

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15
Q

What are the four fundamental units?

A
  • mass
  • length
  • time
  • temperature
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16
Q

What are the six basic quantities?

A
  • speed
  • acceleration
  • power
  • pressure
  • force
  • work
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17
Q

What is speed?

A

The distance that a moving object covers in a unit of time

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18
Q

Where does the word speed come from?

A

The latin word velocitas because speed and velocity are the same

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19
Q

How is speed calculated?

A

Distance
————
Time

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20
Q

What is acceleration?

A

The change in speed by the time during which the change takes place

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21
Q

How is acceleration calculated?

A

Change in velocity
————————-
Time taken

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22
Q

How is acceleration measured?

A

Metres per seconds squared

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23
Q

True or false that an object under the act of gravity has uniform acceleration?

A

True

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24
Q

What is the average unit for gravity?

A

9.8 metres per second squared

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25
Q

What does deca-newtons stand for?

A

10 newtons

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26
Q

How is weight calculated?

A

Mass x gravity

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27
Q

What is weight measured in?

A

Newtons

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28
Q

What is work?

A

When an object has moved over a distance

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29
Q

How is work calculated?

A

Force x distance

30
Q

How is work measured?

A

Newton metres

31
Q

What is power?

A

Work carried out in a time frame

32
Q

How is power calculated?

A

Force x distance(Work)
——————————
Time

33
Q

How is power measured?

34
Q

What is pressure?

A

The force acting on an area

35
Q

What is pressure measured in?

A

Newtons per square metre (pascal)

36
Q

What direction does static pressure act in?

A

Every direct

37
Q

How is pressure calculated?

A

Force
——-
Area

38
Q

How is static pressure calculated?

A

Height x density x gravity

39
Q

What direction does dynamic pressure act in?

A

Direction of flow

40
Q

What is dynamic pressure also known as?

A

Q pressure

41
Q

How is dynamic pressure calculated?

A

Half the density x speed squared

42
Q

How is static pressure for aircraft systems denoted?

43
Q

What is one bar equal to?

A

100,000 pascal

44
Q

What are sound waves the same as?

A

Pressure waves

45
Q

What letter is used to represent speed of sound?

46
Q

What changes the speed of sound?

A

Temperature

47
Q

When is the speed of sound lower?

A

At lower temperatures

48
Q

What are Mach numbers used for?

A

To tell the pilot his relationship between the aircraft and the speed of sound

49
Q

Why can a pilots mach number vary?

A

Because the speed of sound changes at different heights

50
Q

How is mach number calculated?

A

Speed of aircraft
————————
Speed of sound

51
Q

What happens in the subsonic region?

A

All speeds around the aircraft are bellow critical mach number

52
Q

What happens in the transonic region?

A

Some speeds are above and some speeds are below the speed of sound

53
Q

What happens in the supersonic region?

A

All speeds around the aircraft are higher than the speed of sound

54
Q

What is the lowest layer of the atmosphere?

A

Troposphere

55
Q

What is found in the troposphere?

A

Weather conditions

56
Q

What is the highest layer of the atmosphere?

A

The stratosphere

57
Q

What can’t be found in the stratosphere?

A

Weather conditions

58
Q

What happens to temperature in the stratosphere?

A

It doesn’t change with altitude

59
Q

What is the name for the boundary between the troposphere and the stratosphere?

A

Tropopause

60
Q

What is the height of the tropopause at the north and South Pole?

A

8 kilometres

61
Q

What is the height of the tropopause at the equator?

A

16 kilometres

62
Q

Who introduced a international standard atmosphere (ISA)?

63
Q

What does ICAO stand for?

A

International civil aviation organisation

64
Q

Why is a standard atmosphere needed?

A

So there is a basis for comparing aircraft performance

65
Q

What is the standard height and temperature at the tropopause?

A

11 kilometres at -56.5 Celsius

66
Q

What happens to density and pressure with higher altitudes?

A

It gradually decreases

67
Q

Where can you find international standard atmosphere tables?

A

In the appendices of technical documentation

68
Q

What does the temperature drop by every kilometre you go up?

69
Q

What is the formula to calculate the speed of sound?

70
Q

What is the symbol for Mach number?

71
Q

How much does the temperature decrease with altitude under standard conditions?

M8 R (5 decks)

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