Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CC LEC FINALS > M7 F > Flashcards

M7 F Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following is NOT true about Osmolaity as a tubular function test?
simplest test of renal concentrating ability
its increase also increases the boiling point and osmotic pressure
used to assess water deficit or excess
expression of concentration in terms of the total number of solute particles per kilogram of solvent

A

simplest test of renal concentrating ability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Below is a blood sample taken from a patient BUN determination. If there is any, how.do you think will the test be affected?

A

-Do not proceed with this testing, this will result to falsely decreased BUN levels.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which of the following statement/s is/are true regarding ammonia?
1. produced in the catabolism of amino acids and by bacterial metabolism in the lumen of the intestine
2. consumed by the parenchymal cells of the liver in the production of uric acid
3. Increases neurotoxicity, hepatic coma, & encephalopathy
1 and 3 only
1 and 2 only
1,2, and 3
1 only

A

1 and 3 only

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which of the following is an excellent marker of kidney function?
Creatinine
B Trace protein
Cystatin C
Urea

A

Cystatin C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

This method is based on the hydrolysis of urea and the formation of NH(4)(+) is determined using an NADH-glutamate dehydrogenase coupled reaction system.
Xanthydrol Method
Urease hydrolysis
Coupled urease/GLDH method
Fearon Method

A

Coupled urease/GLDH method

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The adsorbent floridin is made up of which of the following?
aluminum magnesium silicate
sodium aluminium scate
alkaline picrate
sodium magnesium

A

aluminum magnesium silicate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Which of the following statements is incorrect?
1. Individuals who are undergoing chemotherapeutic treatment will have elevated levels of uric acid due
2. Allopurinol is an activator of xanthine oxidase; the use of the drug will promote uric acid production.
to elevated nucleic acid breakdown.
3.Lesch Nyhan syndrome is due to the deficiency of hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosynsferase, an enzyme necessary in the urea cycle.
4. Toxemia of pregnancy is due increased uric acid excretion; thus hyperuricemia is possible.
1,2,3
1,3,4
2,3,4
1,2,4

A

1,2,4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

In the presence of uric acid, oxygen, and water, uricase will catalyze an enzymatic reaction to produce what product?
Allantoin + CO
Allantoin + CO + H2O
Allantoin + CO2 + H2O2
Allantoin + CO2

A

Allantoin + CO2 + H2O2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Which method for measuring creatinine levels has no interference from cephalosporin antibiotics and acetoacetate and is adapted for use in dry slide technology?
Kinetic Jaffe method
Folin Wu method
Creatinine aminohydrolase method
Creatinine-Hydrogen peroxide method

A

Creatinine aminohydrolase method

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which of the following methods best describes this reaction? DAM -> diacetyl & hydroxylamine
Coupled urease/GLDH method
Urease
Xanthydrol
Fearon

A

Fearon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

In the indirect method of measuring urea levels, the most common method couples the urease reaction with which of the following enzymes?
Glutamate dehyrogenase
Pyruvate kinase
Peroxidase
Lactate dehydrogenase

A

Glutamate dehyrogenase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Elevated plasma urea and normal plasma creatinine levels with a high BUN/creatinine ratio are seen in which of the following conditions?
Congestive Heart Failure
Acute Glomerulonephritis
Tubular necrosis
Nephrolithiasis

A

Congestive Heart Failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Which of the following does not cause hypouricemia?
Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma
Fanconi’s Syndrome
None of the choices is correct.
Wilson’s Disease

A

Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What method is based on alkaline picrate that at an alkaline pH, creatinine in the sample reacts with picrate to form a creatinine-picrate complex?
Lloyd Fuller’s Earth Method
Folin WU Method
Jaffe Method
Kinetic Jaffe

A

Jaffe Method

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Which of the following is (are) not responsible for the high glomerular filtration rate (GFR) exhibited by humans?
All of the choices is correct.
High permeability of the glomerular capillaries
High hydrostatic pressure of the fluid in the Bowman’s capsule
High blood hydrostatic pressures in the glomerular capillaries

A

High permeability of the glomerular capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

As the clearance of a substance increases, its concentration in the plasma decreases. There is a direct relationship between clearance and plasma concentration.
Both statements are incorrect.
The first statement is correct, and the second statement is incorrect.
Both statements are incorrect.
The first statement is incorrect, and the second statement is correct.

A

The first statement is correct, and the second statement is incorrect

17
Q

What substance will be formed when phosphate from GMP is removed by 5’nucleotidase during uric acid synthesis?
Guanosine
Guanine
Hypoxanthine
Inosine

A

Inosine

18
Q

Which of the following is a direct method for urea determination?
1. Urea hydrolysis
2. Fearon Reaction
3. Coupled urease/Glutamate dehydrogenase method
4. Xanthydrol
1 only
2 and 4 only
2 and 3 only
1 and 2 only

A

2 and 4 only

19
Q

Zia has been prescribed with Cephalexin for her upper respiratory tract infection. She has been taking it for 5 days in time for her company’s annual medical examination. How would her creatinine results be affected?
Falsely elevated Creatinine result with Jaffe reaction
Falsely elevated Creatinine result with enzymatic method
Falsely lower Creatinine result with Jaffe reaction
Falsely decreased Creatinine value with both enzymatic method & Jaffe reaction

A

Falsely lower Creatinine result with Jaffe reaction

20
Q

Creatine is synthesized primarily in the liver and kidney, from which of the following amino acids?
Methionine, Glycine, and Glutamine
Leucine, Isoleucine, and Guanine
Glutamine, Trytophan, and Tyrosine
Arginine, Glycine and Methionine

A

Arginine, Glycine and Methionine

21
Q

Typically, post-renal illnesses are characterized by a raised creatinine level and a high BUN/Creatinine ratio. The ideal BUN/creatinine ratio should be between 1:10 and 1:20.
Both statements are incorrect.
First statement is incorrect, second statement is correct.
Both statements are correct.
First statement is correct, second statement is incorrect.

A

First statement is correct, second statement is incorrect.

22
Q

Which of the following methods where in creatinine is being converted into creatine by hydrolysis, that is acted upon by creatine kinase to produce Creatine PO4+ ADP, and then by pyruvate kinase and lactate dehydrogenase.
Creatinine Hydrogen Peroxide method
Kinetic Jaffe
Creatinine amidohydrolase - CK method
Jaffe

A

Creatinine amidohydrolase - CK method
Jaffe

23
Q

Which clearance test is an excellent measure of renal function?
Inulin Clearance
Diodrast Test
Creatinine Clearance
Urea Clearance

A

Creatinine Clearance

24
Q

Which of the following statements is best associated with the countercurrent multiplier system?

It pulls the urine towards the final site for either concentrating or diluting urine.
It decreases the solute concentration and ions within the interstitium of the medulla.
It permits delivery of about 25 L of dilute urine to the ascending limb of Henle and helps in the progressive suppression of urine osmolality to about 60-80 milliosmoles/liter.
It allows the nephron to reabsorb more water and concentrate the urine while at the same time using as little energy as possible.

A

It allows the nephron to reabsorb more water and concentrate the urine while at the same time using as little energy as possible.

25
Q

Marina has been complaining of sharp pain in the side and back which radiates to her lower abdomen. Urinalysis and ultrasound of the kidneys, ureter and bladder indicates that she has renal calculi Furthermore, laboratory results reveal high urea nitrogen/creatinine ratio. What would be expected of her
urea and creatinine levels?
1. increased urea
2. decreased urea
3. increased creatinine
4. normal creatinine
5. decreased creatinine 6. normal urea
1,4
1,5
3,6
1,3

A

1,3

26
Q

Which of the following is the major contributor to the classification of acute kidney injury?
1. Urine volume
2. Serum creatinine
3. Urine creatinine
4. Urine output
1,2,4
1,2
3,4
1,2,3

A

1,2,4

27
Q

The xanthydrol reaction measures which of the following non-protein nitrogen compounds?
Uric Acid
Creatinine
Ammonia
Urea

A

Creatinine

28
Q

How would the kidneys respond whenever an individual is suffering from hypotension?
Release of EPO to stimulate the release of renin from the renal tubules.
There will be a suppressed secretion of renin to regulate blood pressure.
Promote absorption of potassium and sodium.
Renin secretion relaxes the small blood vessels to increase blood pressure.

A

There will be a suppressed secretion of renin to regulate blood pressure.

29
Q

Which of the following nitrogenous wastes has the least concentration in the blood?
Creatine
Ammonia
Uric acid
Urea

A

Ammonia

30
Q

Which of the following conditions is characterized by increased serum urea and normal serum
creatinine?
1. Hemorrhage
2. Urinary tract obstruction
3. Dehydration
4. Congestive heart failure
5. Acute kidney injury
6. Liver Disease
1,3,4
2,4,5
3,4,6
1,2,5

A

1,3,4

CC LEC FINALS (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions