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NCM 106 > M6_ENDOCRINE SYSTEM DRUGS > Flashcards

M6_ENDOCRINE SYSTEM DRUGS Flashcards

To master drugs affecting the endocrine system.

1
Q

Growth Hormone Drugs

A

Somatrem (Protropin) & Somatropin (Humatrope)

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2
Q

Somatostatin Antagonist

A

Somatostatin, Lancreotide/Ocreotide (Sandostatin), Lanreotide

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3
Q

A chemical substance produced in the body that controls and regulates the activity of certain cells or organs

A

Hormone

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4
Q

Tree diff. types of Hormones

A

Peptide, Steroid, & Amine

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5
Q

Hormones of Posterior Pituitary (kidneys & arterioles)

A

ADH & Vasopressin

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6
Q

Inhibits urine prod.

A

ADH

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7
Q

Vasoconstriction and used for px who lost a lot of blood

A

Vasopressin

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8
Q

Hormone of Anterior Pit. (liver &adipose tissue) | Increase secretion of IGF-1

A

Growth Hormone

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9
Q

Hormones of the Thyroid | Various tissue | Regulation of metabolic rate & promotion of body growth

A

Thyroid Hormone

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10
Q

Hormones of Adrenal Cortex

A

Aldosterone & Cortisol

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11
Q

Reg. the body’s NA balance

A

Aldosterone

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12
Q

Release of glucose, amino acids and fatty acids into the blood

A

Cortisol

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13
Q

Hormone in Adrenal Medulla | Increase in BP, blood glucose and bronchodilation

A

Adrenaline (Epinephrine)

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14
Q

Can not be given orally bcs of proteolytic enzymes in the GIT

A

Peptide Hormones

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15
Q

GH Contra. Ind.

A

Hypersensitivity & Closed Epiphyses

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16
Q

Effective when injected

A

Steroid Hormones

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17
Q

Is a GH used to treat growth failure in children because of pituitary GH deficiency.

A

Somatropin

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19
Q

Somatostatin Antagonist Contra. Ind.

A

Hypertension, Pregnancy, & Lactation

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20
Q

A deficiency of ADH, large amounts of water are excreted by the kidneys.

A

Diabetes Insipidus (DI)

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21
Q

ADH prep.

A

Vasopressin (Pitressin) & Desmopressin Acetate (DDVAP)

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22
Q

ADH Indic.

A

DI, Hemorrhage, & Postoperative abdominal distention

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23
Q

ADH Contra. Indic.

A

Hypersensitivity, Vascular disease, pregnancy, & lactation

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24
Q

ADH Prep.

A

Vasopressin (Pitressin), Desmopressin Acetate (DDVAP)

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25
Q

Corticoids

A

Glucocorticoid (Cortisone & Hydrocortisone)
Mineralocorticoid (Aldosterone)
Gonadocorticoid (Androgens)

26
Q

Glucocorticoid

A

Inc. avail. of glucose
Potent immunosuppressants - prevent organ rejection
Prom. lung maturation in prema. infant

27
Q

Preferred drug for adrenocorticoid insufficiency

A

Hydrocortisone

28
Q

Glucocorticoid drugs

A

Prednisone, Dexamethasone, & Cortisone

29
Q

Used to treat severe inflammatory responses resulting from head trauma or allergic reactions.

A

Dexamethasone

30
Q

wide variety of glucocorticoid drugs; synthetically produced.

A

Cortisone

31
Q

used to decrease inflammatory occurrence; immunosuppressant; treat dermatologic disorders

A

Prednisone

32
Q

Problem with posterior pituitary and ADH.

A

Diabetes Insipidus

33
Q

Disorder of the pancreas; deficiency of insulin; cellular resistance to insulin’s actions

A

Diabetes Mellitus

34
Q

3 P’s

A

Polyuria (inc. urine output)
Polyphagia (inc. hunger)
Polydipsia (increased thirst)

35
Q

S/SX of DM

A

Sustained hyperglycemia; 3 P’s; Ketonuria; Weight loss

36
Q 
Type I 
Name:
Age of Onset:
Etiology:
Disorder:
Insulin level:
Treatment:
A 
Name: Insulin-dependent (Juvenile)
Age of Onset: Childhood 
Etiology: Autoimmune Process
Disorder: Loss of beta cell
Insulin level: Reduced then absent later in life
Treatment: Insulin replacement
37
Q 
Type II
Name:
Age of Onset:
Etiology:
Disorder:
Insulin level:
Treatment:
A

Name: insulin-independent (adult-onset)
Age of Onset: Over 40s
Etiology: Unknown; heredity
Disorder: Insulin resistance and inappropriate insulin secretion
Insulin level: Low (deficient); high (resistance)
Treatment: TLC, hypoglycemic, and insulin

38
Q

Treatment Targets

Parameter

  • Pre-meal plasma glucose:
  • HbA1c
  • BP
  • LDL
  • TG
A
  • Pre-meal plasma glucose: 90 - 130 mg/dl
  • HbA1c: <7%
  • BP: <130 / <80 mm Hg
  • LDL: <100 mg/dl
  • TG: <150 mg/dl
39
Q

Two functions of the Pancreas:

High blood glucose:
Low blood glucose:

A

High blood glucose: release insulin

Low blood glucose: release glucagon

40
Q

Insulin: Rapid Acting

A

Humalog

Novolog

41
Q

Insulin: Short-Acting

A

Humulin R

Novolin R

42
Q

Insulin: Intermediate-Acting

A

Humulin N

Novolin N

43
Q

Insulin: Long-Acting

A

Insulin Glargine (Lantus)

44
Q

Insulin: Rapid Acting (Humalog & Novolog)

Onset:
Peak:
Duration:

A

Onset: 5 - 15 mins
Peak: 30 - 90 mins (humalog) & 1 - 3 hrs. (novolog)
Duration: 2 - 5 hrs. (humalog) & 3 - 5 hrs. (novolog)

45
Q

Insulin: Short-Acting (Humulin R & Novolin R)

Onset:
Peak:
Duration:

A

Onset: 30 mins
Peak: 2.5 - 5 hrs.
Duration: 5 - 8 hrs.

46
Q

Insulin: Intermediate-Acting (Humulin N & Novolin N)

Onset:
Peak:
Duration:

A

Onset: 1 - 2 hrs.
Peak: 6 - 12 hrs.
Duration: 18 - 24 hrs.

47
Q

Insulin: Long-Acting (Insulin Glargine [Lantus])

Onset:
Peak:
Duration:

A

Onset: 1 hour
Peak: None
Duration: 24 hrs.

48
Q

Works by opening Ca+ channels of the beta cells stimulating the release of insulin

A

Sulphonylureas

49
Q

Sulphonylureas: Short-Acting Drugs

A

Gliclazide & Tolbutamide

50
Q

Sulphonylureas: Long-Acting

A

Chlorpropamide, Glibenclamide, & Glipizide

51
Q

Decreases glucose production by the liver; increase tissue response to insulin

A

Biguanides

52
Q

Biguanides

A

Metformin HCl

53
Q

Reduces rate starches are broken down and absorbed; decreases post-prandial rise in blood glucose

A

Alpha-glucosidae inhibitors

54
Q

Alpha-glucosidae inhibitors

A

Acarbose & Miglitol

55
Q

Decrease insulin resistance, increase glucose uptake and decrease glucose production in the liver; causes hypoglycemia

A

Thiazolidinediones

56
Q

Thiazolidinediones

A

Rosiglitazone, Pioglitazone

57
Q

Increases insulin release, reduces glucagon release

A

Gliptins

58
Q

Gliptins

A

Sitagliptin

59
Q

Increase insulin sensitivity and decreases insulin levels&raquo_space; lowers androgen levels

Improved glucose tolerance, ovulation, and pregnancy rates

A

Metformin

NCM 106 (6 decks)

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