M6_ENDOCRINE SYSTEM DRUGS

Question 1

Growth Hormone Drugs

Answer 1

Somatrem (Protropin) & Somatropin (Humatrope)

Question 2

Somatostatin Antagonist

Answer 2

Somatostatin, Lancreotide/Ocreotide (Sandostatin), Lanreotide

Question 3

A chemical substance produced in the body that controls and regulates the activity of certain cells or organs

Answer 3

Hormone

Question 4

Tree diff. types of Hormones

Answer 4

Peptide, Steroid, & Amine

Question 5

Hormones of Posterior Pituitary (kidneys & arterioles)

Answer 5

ADH & Vasopressin

Question 6

Inhibits urine prod.

Answer 6

ADH

Question 7

Vasoconstriction and used for px who lost a lot of blood

Answer 7

Vasopressin

Question 8

Hormone of Anterior Pit. (liver &adipose tissue) | Increase secretion of IGF-1

Answer 8

Growth Hormone

Question 9

Hormones of the Thyroid | Various tissue | Regulation of metabolic rate & promotion of body growth

Answer 9

Thyroid Hormone

Question 10

Hormones of Adrenal Cortex

Answer 10

Aldosterone & Cortisol

Question 11

Reg. the body’s NA balance

Answer 11

Aldosterone

Question 12

Release of glucose, amino acids and fatty acids into the blood

Answer 12

Cortisol

Question 13

Hormone in Adrenal Medulla | Increase in BP, blood glucose and bronchodilation

Answer 13

Adrenaline (Epinephrine)

Question 14

Can not be given orally bcs of proteolytic enzymes in the GIT

Answer 14

Peptide Hormones

Question 15

GH Contra. Ind.

Answer 15

Hypersensitivity & Closed Epiphyses

Question 16

Effective when injected

Answer 16

Steroid Hormones

Question 17

Is a GH used to treat growth failure in children because of pituitary GH deficiency.

Answer 17

Somatropin

Question 19

Somatostatin Antagonist Contra. Ind.

Answer 19

Hypertension, Pregnancy, & Lactation

Question 20

A deficiency of ADH, large amounts of water are excreted by the kidneys.

Answer 20

Diabetes Insipidus (DI)

Question 21

ADH prep.

Answer 21

Vasopressin (Pitressin) & Desmopressin Acetate (DDVAP)

Question 22

ADH Indic.

Answer 22

DI, Hemorrhage, & Postoperative abdominal distention

Question 23

ADH Contra. Indic.

Answer 23

Hypersensitivity, Vascular disease, pregnancy, & lactation

Question 24

ADH Prep.

Answer 24

Vasopressin (Pitressin), Desmopressin Acetate (DDVAP)

Question 25

Corticoids

Answer 25

Glucocorticoid (Cortisone & Hydrocortisone)
Mineralocorticoid (Aldosterone)
Gonadocorticoid (Androgens)

Question 26

Glucocorticoid

Answer 26

Inc. avail. of glucose Potent immunosuppressants - prevent organ rejection Prom. lung maturation in prema. infant

Question 27

Preferred drug for adrenocorticoid insufficiency

Answer 27

Hydrocortisone

Question 28

Glucocorticoid drugs

Answer 28

Prednisone, Dexamethasone, & Cortisone

Question 29

Used to treat severe inflammatory responses resulting from head trauma or allergic reactions.

Answer 29

Dexamethasone

Question 30

wide variety of glucocorticoid drugs; synthetically produced.

Answer 30

Cortisone

Question 31

used to decrease inflammatory occurrence; immunosuppressant; treat dermatologic disorders

Answer 31

Prednisone

Question 32

Problem with posterior pituitary and ADH.

Answer 32

Diabetes Insipidus

Question 33

Disorder of the pancreas; deficiency of insulin; cellular resistance to insulin's actions

Answer 33

Diabetes Mellitus

Question 34

3 P's

Answer 34

Polyuria (inc. urine output) Polyphagia (inc. hunger) Polydipsia (increased thirst)

Question 35

S/SX of DM

Answer 35

Sustained hyperglycemia; 3 P's; Ketonuria; Weight loss

Question 36

``` Type I Name: Age of Onset: Etiology: Disorder: Insulin level: Treatment: ```

Answer 36

``` Name: Insulin-dependent (Juvenile) Age of Onset: Childhood Etiology: Autoimmune Process Disorder: Loss of beta cell Insulin level: Reduced then absent later in life Treatment: Insulin replacement ```

Question 37

``` Type II Name: Age of Onset: Etiology: Disorder: Insulin level: Treatment: ```

Answer 37

Name: insulin-independent (adult-onset) Age of Onset: Over 40s Etiology: Unknown; heredity Disorder: Insulin resistance and inappropriate insulin secretion Insulin level: Low (deficient); high (resistance) Treatment: TLC, hypoglycemic, and insulin

Question 38

Treatment Targets Parameter - Pre-meal plasma glucose: - HbA1c - BP - LDL - TG

Answer 38

- Pre-meal plasma glucose: 90 - 130 mg/dl - HbA1c: <7% - BP: <130 / <80 mm Hg - LDL: <100 mg/dl - TG: <150 mg/dl

Question 39

Two functions of the Pancreas: High blood glucose: Low blood glucose:

Answer 39

High blood glucose: release insulin | Low blood glucose: release glucagon

Question 40

Insulin: Rapid Acting

Answer 40

Humalog | Novolog

Question 41

Insulin: Short-Acting

Answer 41

Humulin R | Novolin R

Question 42

Insulin: Intermediate-Acting

Answer 42

Humulin N | Novolin N

Question 43

Insulin: Long-Acting

Answer 43

Insulin Glargine (Lantus)

Question 44

Insulin: Rapid Acting (Humalog & Novolog) Onset: Peak: Duration:

Answer 44

Onset: 5 - 15 mins Peak: 30 - 90 mins (humalog) & 1 - 3 hrs. (novolog) Duration: 2 - 5 hrs. (humalog) & 3 - 5 hrs. (novolog)

Question 45

Insulin: Short-Acting (Humulin R & Novolin R) Onset: Peak: Duration:

Answer 45

Onset: 30 mins Peak: 2.5 - 5 hrs. Duration: 5 - 8 hrs.

Question 46

Insulin: Intermediate-Acting (Humulin N & Novolin N) Onset: Peak: Duration:

Answer 46

Onset: 1 - 2 hrs. Peak: 6 - 12 hrs. Duration: 18 - 24 hrs.

Question 47

Insulin: Long-Acting (Insulin Glargine [Lantus]) Onset: Peak: Duration:

Answer 47

Onset: 1 hour Peak: None Duration: 24 hrs.

Question 48

Works by opening Ca+ channels of the beta cells stimulating the release of insulin

Answer 48

Sulphonylureas

Question 49

Sulphonylureas: Short-Acting Drugs

Answer 49

Gliclazide & Tolbutamide

Question 50

Sulphonylureas: Long-Acting

Answer 50

Chlorpropamide, Glibenclamide, & Glipizide

Question 51

Decreases glucose production by the liver; increase tissue response to insulin

Answer 51

Biguanides

Question 52

Biguanides

Answer 52

Metformin HCl

Question 53

Reduces rate starches are broken down and absorbed; decreases post-prandial rise in blood glucose

Answer 53

Alpha-glucosidae inhibitors

Question 54

Alpha-glucosidae inhibitors

Answer 54

Acarbose & Miglitol

Question 55

Decrease insulin resistance, increase glucose uptake and decrease glucose production in the liver; causes hypoglycemia

Answer 55

Thiazolidinediones

Question 56

Thiazolidinediones

Answer 56

Rosiglitazone, Pioglitazone

Question 57

Increases insulin release, reduces glucagon release

Answer 57

Gliptins

Question 58

Gliptins

Answer 58

Sitagliptin

Question 59

Increase insulin sensitivity and decreases insulin levels >> lowers androgen levels Improved glucose tolerance, ovulation, and pregnancy rates

Answer 59

Metformin