M6: Nanoworld and Gene Therapy

Question 1

A billionth of a meter.

Answer 1

Nanometer

Question 2

1 nanometer is about how many times smaller
than a bacterial cell?

Answer 2

100

Question 3

Your fingernails grow at the rate of about
how many nanometer per second?

Answer 3

1

Question 4

A 7-foot-tall basketball player is how much nanometers tall?

Answer 4

2 billion

Question 5

Have developed nanosize vesicles called nanosomes?

Answer 5

L’oreal

Question 6

Are used to transport active ingredients such as pure vitamin e through the skin.

Answer 6

Nanosomes

Question 7

A platform that includes biology, chemistry, physics, materials science and engineering.

Answer 7

Nanoscience

Question 8

Refers to something so small that it can only be
seen with a powerful microscope.

Answer 8

Nano

Question 9

Concerned with manufacturing ‘things’-generally, materials and devices on the scale of atoms and molecules which are of great help to
the advancement of different sectors of society, especially health, environment, electricity, electronics, food, and agriculture.

Answer 9

Nanotechnology

Question 10

Utilizes a particle beam of electrons to light up a
specimen and develop; can magnify objects up to a million times.

Answer 10

Electron microscope

Question 11

It makes use of a mechanical probe that gathers
information from the surface of a material; used to determine topography and other properties of surfaces.

Answer 11

Atomic force microscope

Question 12

Works by scanning a very sharp metal wire
tip over a surface; enables scientists to view and manipulate nanoscale particles, atoms, and small molecules.

Answer 12

Scanning tunneling microscope

Question 13

Refers to scaled-up, reliable, and cost-effective
manufacturing of nanoscale materials, structures, devices, and systems.

Answer 13

Nanomanufacturing

Question 14

2 fundamental approaches to nanomanufacturing.

Answer 14

Bottom-up fabrication
Top-down fabrication

Question 15

Manufactures products by building them up from atomic- and molecular-scale components; can be time-consuming.

Answer 15

Bottom-up fabrication

Question 16

Trims down large pieces of materials into nanoscale; needs larger amounts of materials and discards excess raw materials.

Answer 16

Top-down fabrication

Question 17

A potential method to treat or cure human disorders related to genes; advanced method using genes for the treatment or prevention of disease.

Answer 17

Gene therapy

Question 18

2 types of gene therapy.

Answer 18

Somatic gene therapy
Germ-line gene therapy

Question 19

Involves the manipulation of genes in any cells of the body except sperm and egg cells that will be helpful to the patient, but not inherited to the patient’s descendants.

Answer 19

Somatic gene therapy

Question 20

Involves the genetic modification of reproductive cells, the sperm and egg cells that will pass the change on to the next generation.

Answer 20

Germ-line gene therapy

Question 21

Mother cells with the capacity to become any cell type in the body.

Answer 21

Stem cells

Question 22

2 Sources of Stem Cells.

Answer 22

Embryonic stem cells
Somatic stem cells

Question 23

Are derived from a three to five-day-old human embryo that is in blastocyst phase of development and has about 150 cells.

Answer 23

Embryonic stem cells

Question 24

Are cells that exist throughout the body after embryonic development.

Answer 24

Somatic stem cells