M6: Foundations of Quantitative Research - Hypothesis Testing Flashcards
What is a Research Hypothesis?
A statement regarding an expected or predicted relationship between variables. It can come from a variety of sources:
- Identifying a question or issue to be examined
- Review and evaluating relevant theories and research
What do research hypotheses specify?
Research hypotheses specify (as precisely as possible) the nature and direction of the relationship between the variables:
- A related to B
– Correlational design - A causes B
– Experimental design
Example
- A related to B
– Correlational design
Time post ACL surgery to start rehab > Time to return to play
State a directional and non directional hypothesis.
Directional hypothesis:
There is a positive relationship between the time after ACL surgery to start rehabilitation and the time the athlete returns to their sport.
Non-directional hypothesis:
There is a relationship between the time after ACL surgery to start rehabilitation and the time the athlete returns to their sport.
Example
- A causes B
– Experimental design
Directional hypothesis:
Athletes with PFS who use KT tape will experience less knee
pain than athletes with PFS who use a knee brace.
Non-directional hypothesis:
There will be a difference in knee pain between athletes with
PFS who use KT tape and those who use knee bracing.
A group of researchers were interested inseeing if caffeinated underwear would help participants lose weight. Participants were divided into a control group (wore their regular underwear)and an experimental group (wore caffeinated underwear).
What is the design of the study?
What is the independent and dependent variable?
Write a directional research hypothesis
What is Correlation?
What are the 3 Criteria to Establish
Cause and Effect?
- The cause (IV) must precede the effect (DV) in time
- The cause (IV) and effect (DV) must be correlated with each other
- The change seen in the effect (DV) cannot be explained by another variable
Does correlation = causation?
kys
