M5 Advanced Mechanics Flashcards
height from above ground
is usually the total height - the displacement for that time period
eg total vertical displacement is 100m downwards (half flight)
in 5 seconds, vertical displacement is 30m down
therefore height above ground is 70m
practical investigation (proj)
aim: to determine the relationship between launch angle and range (half flight) (marble off a ramp off a table)
independent variable: launch angle
dependent variable: range of marble
angular velocity formula
banked tracks formula
tanθ = v²/rg
this is because mgtanθ = mv²/r
a car moving at this velocity could safely travel around a banked curve even if the road is covered with ice
gravitational field strength formula (acceleration due to gravity)
g=GM/r²
orbital velocity formula
escape velocity formula
what is escape velocity
The minimum velocity with which an object can escape the gravitational pull of the planet
kinetic energy, GPE energy, total energy formula
UNIFORM HORIZONTAL MOTION (normal and weight force)
DRIVING THROUGH A CIRCULAR DIP
DRIVING OVER A CIRCULAR HUMP
During uniform circular motion, work…
is not done
positive work is done on the object when
the radius of the motion increases
negative work is done on an object when…
the radius of the motion decreases
torque is
the effect of a rotational force
is the force that causes something to rotate
there is no torque when
object is moving in uniform circular motion as the centripetal force is parallel to the radius
Radian <==> Degree Conversion
angular velocity and linear velocity relationship
v = wr
leaning scenarios
banking scenarios
θ is the same when the cyclist is perpendicular to the incline plane
why is banking effective?
Banking the road
allows a component of the normal
reaction to contribute to the
centripetal force.
This increases the magnitude of
the net force and, therefore, the magnitude of the centripetal force keeping them in the curve.
accuracy
how close a measurement is to the true value
precision
how close the measurements are to each other
reliability
will one get the same values if the measurements are repeated
validity
are the values describing what was supposed to be measured
2 types of earth orbits (qualitative)
deep dive into low earth orbits
what is it?
satellite remains just outside the earth’s atmosphere throughout the whole orbit
key features?
key uses?
orbital decay?
deep dive into geostationary orbits
what is it?
satellite maintains a position directly above a specific point on the Earth (point must be on the equator)
key features?
key uses?
difference between geostationary orbits and geosynchronous orbits?
geosynchronous has (T = 24 hrs) however doesn’t have to be over equator
all geostationary orbits are geosynchronous BUT not all geosynchronous orbits are geostationary
A
escape velocity is
deriving relationship between linear and angular velocity
diagram of banked tracks
derivation of
v² = grtanθ
(banked tracks)
deriving kepler’s third law
Kepler’s 3 Laws
1: Kepler’s First Law: each planet’s orbit about the Sun is an ellipse (IRRELEVANT)
2: the imaginary line joining a planet and the Sun sweeps equal areas of space during equal time intervals as the planet orbits
3: (image)
Kepler’s 2nd Law
CB (central body)
OB (orbiting body)
the OB travels faster when it is closer to the CB than when it is further away
- the closer the OB is to the CB, the stronger the CB’s gravitational pull on it, and the faster the OB moves
N1L (inertia)
Every object continues in its state of rest or uniform motion in a straight line, unless acted on by an unbalanced forced
N2L (net force)
F = ma (net force)
N3L
Every action force has an equal and opposite reaction force
1. the forces acting on different objects
2. same type of force
N3L force pair: force of A on B
force of B on A
3. Equal in magnitude, opposite in direction
☆ forces are equal in magnitude, but the EFFECT could be drastically different
