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Genetic Genealogy > M5 > Flashcards

M5 Flashcards

1
Q

The Challenge

Identified match, group, cluster, network in a FIGG investigation may have a

A

Common name (e.g., Smith)

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2
Q

Building out trees from the WRONG person, or an incorrect person, could be

A

detrimental to a FIGG investigation

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3
Q

Identifying/Verifying a DNA match accurately is one of the most

A

critical steps in FIGG investigations and all future research for the case depends on that accuracy.

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4
Q

DNA matches are nearly always

A

living people

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5
Q

DNA matches that are nearly always living people so their privacy must be

A

protected per the Standard 57 from the Board of Certification of Genealogical Standards

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6
Q

Ensuring you have identified the true/correct identity of a DNA match can be

A

challenging, particularly if they have used an ALIAS

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7
Q

GEDmatch Matches things to Consider

A
  1. Real Name
  2. *Alias
  3. Email Address
  4. Kit Manager
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8
Q

Kit Manager who have a lot of kits listed May be

A
  1. May be professional genealogists
  2. May be researchers/academics
  3. May not be related at all to any of the kits
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9
Q

Don’t just research the Kit Name, also research

A

the Kit Manager!!

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10
Q

KIT# - This is the kit number associated with the match. Kit that begin w/a

A

single letter are kits that were uploaded to the previous version of GEDmatch and were migrated over to the newer version.

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11
Q

The letters at the beginning correlate w/the testing company used by the test taker:

A

A - Ancestry
F or T - Family Tree
M - 23andME
H - My Heritage

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12
Q

Kits that begin with 2 letters were uploaded

A

to the new version of GEDmatch

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13
Q

Letters corresponding with Kit #s w/the Source column can be useful when trying to

A

determine if the test taker has a public tree available for reference

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14
Q

Name (*=>alias) This is typically the test takers name but not always. Sometimes the test taker will use and alias. Sometimes the name is

A

NOT the actual test taker it could be the kit manger

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15
Q

Email - This is typically the email of the KIT MANAGER which may or may NOT be the

A

test taker.

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16
Q

For privacy reasons DO NOT

A

email matches in FIGG investigations

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17
Q

Source - This indicates which

A

testing company was used by the match

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18
Q

Source - You may “Combined” which indicates the user

A

combined their test results from 2 companies and made one super kit

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19
Q

Source - Using the testing company source INFO,

A

search those sites for the user/email/name

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20
Q

Does the SEX correlate with the name?

A

There are many gender neutral names
Sex is SELF-IDENTIFIED by kit uploader - potential for errors

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21
Q

GEDcom or WikiTree is attached to match, this can be

A

very useful to identify DNA match

22
Q

GEDcom or WikiTree -

If the person’s (match) parents/grandparents are deceased, their parents

A

names will be visible.

23
Q

DNA Detectives

A

popular Facebook Group for adoptions

in GEDmatch name may begin with
“DD”

24
Q

When you are unable to identify match through email/name list then try to identify your match by

A

looking at their matches.

Their top matches may provide information that would lead to the identity of the original match.

25
Q

FamlyTreeDNA does not allow

A

Aliases

26
Q

Your DNA Kits Advice
At GEDmatch

A
  1. Use an unidentifiable email address e.g., your work email address (publicly visible)
  2. Add a GEDcom to each kit you manage
  3. Don’t use aliases - check your accounts
27
Q

Endogamy Definition and Cause

A

The practice of marrying w/in the same ethnic, cultural, social, religious or tribal group (ISOGG Wiki)

Geography
Language
Religion

28
Q

Endogamy Results

A

Sharing multiple ancestors
Inflated amount of shared DNA (especially beyond 3C)
DNA matches may be related BOTH paternally and maternally
May have more DNA matches
Likely share more and smaller segments

29
Q

Shared cM Project does not account for

A

double relationships

30
Q

Pedigree Collapse

A

Happens when people who share a common ancestors

31
Q

Pedigree Collapse causes the family tree of their offspring to be

A

smaller than it otherwise would be

32
Q

Endogamy vs. Pedigree Collapse

It is possible to have endogamy w/out pedigree collapse, BUT sometimes endogamy includes

A

multiple instances of pedigree collapse

33
Q

Endogamy vs. Pedigree Collapse

It is possible to have pedigree collapse w/out endogamy,

A

especially if it’s only one instance

34
Q

Double first cousins

A

occur when 2 siblings from one family marry 2 siblings from another family

35
Q

3/4 Siblings

A

When a husband marries the sister of his 1st wife

36
Q

Calculating Average Segment Size

A

Average = TOTAL DNA + # of SEGMENTs

37
Q

Working with Endogamy DON’Ts!

A

Don’t use regular CLUSTERING TOOLS
Don’t use WATO
Don’t rely on SHARED MATCHES
Don’t rely on RELATIONSHIP CALCULATORS

38
Q

Working with Endogamy DOs

A

DO use matches w/at least 1 segment that is over 20 cM (for more severe endogamy , 2 segments over 30 cM)
DO look for matches that MARRIED OUT
DO Build back trees to find common ancestors
DO combine other types of DNA evidence (mitochondrial, Y)
DO use special tools for endogamy

39
Q

Special tools of Endogamy

A

Banyan DNA
AutoCluster Endogamy
dna-sci.com

40
Q

REMEMBER!
Any Relationship estimate calculator

A

gives ESTIMATES

41
Q

REMEMBER!
Just because a relationship is more likely, doesn’t mean that

A

it is correct.
Any relationship that is possible is a POSSIBILITY!

42
Q

NPE

A

Non-Paternal Event or Not Parent Expected

43
Q

NPE can occur

A
  • Misattributed paternity occurs when someone who is the documented or known father is not the bio father

*Often discovered as a result of DNA testing

  • Estimated that the prevalence is around 5%
44
Q

NPE Causes

A
  • Adoptions
  • Affairs
  • Gamete donation
  • Illegitimacy
45
Q

How are NPEs Discovered?

A
  • Identifying unknown relatives
  • Learning siblings are actually half-siblings
  • Unexpected ethnicity (w/caution)
46
Q

Encountering NPEs in the wild

A
  • May notice that a match stands out among the other matches
  • Their tree does NOT fit in with the trees of the other matches in the genetic network
  • They may not be aware that they are an NPE
47
Q

Adoption creates

A
  • NPEs
  • The SOCIAL TREE of the adoptee DOES NOT match their BIO TREE
  • The Tree of a DNA match does NOT match the trees of their genetic network
48
Q

Adoption Caution

A

Sometimes matches are aware they are adopted, sometimes they are NOT

Sometimes matches are doing a DNA test because they are interested in finding bio family, sometimes they are NOT

49
Q

How to confirm if a match is adopted?

A
  • Check bio that is connected to their tree
  • Check their social media
  • Check to see if they have made posts on social media in groups dedicated to helping adoptees, i.e. DNA Detectives
50
Q

What to do if you find out a match is adopted

A
  • See if they have solved it themselves
  • Try to solve it
  • Forget that match
51
Q

What NOT to do if you find out a match is adopted

A

DO NOT contact the match to offer to solve it for them

Genetic Genealogy (6 decks)

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