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PHARM ANA LAB > M2.1 > Flashcards

M2.1 Flashcards

1
Q

– Used for mixing, stirring, and heating chemicals
* Seldom for measuring
* Minimize use of stirring rod (SWIRL!)
– Have SPOUTS on their rims to aid in pouring
* Minimize use of funnel

A

BEAKERS

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2
Q

– Allows EASY MIXING AND SWIRLING of the
flask without too much risk of spilling

A

ERLENMEYER FLASK

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3
Q

– As container
– Keep it dry and
clean!

A

WATCH GLASS

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4
Q

– To MEASURE VOLUME of liquids

A

GRADUATED CYLINDER

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5
Q

– Used to measure an EXACT LARGE volume of liquid
– There is a SMALL LINE on the neck that indicates how far to fill the bottle
– Use CORK as stopper if necessary, NOT your
thumb!

A

VOLUMETRIC FLASK

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6
Q

– Measuring an EXACT SMALL volume of liquid and placing it into another container

A

PIPETTE

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7
Q

2 TYPES O PIPETTE

A

VOLUMETRIC PIPETTE
MOHR’S / GRADUATED / MEASURING PIPETTE

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8
Q

– Make sure to check if it is UNUSED/CLEAN
before use.
- use for transferring liquid into another container in small drops

A

DROPPERS

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9
Q
  • A GLASS TUBE that is open at the top and comes to a narrow pointed opening at the bottom.
    – Right above the bottom opening is a STOPCOCK that can be turned to control the amount of liquid being released.
A

BURETTE

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10
Q

– There are markings along the length of the tube that indicate the volume of liquid present.
– Used for EXTREMELY ACCURATE ADDITION OF LIQUID, especially during TITRATION

A

BURETTE

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11
Q

– Used to SUSPEND burets, beakers, flasks, crucibles, etc. in some cases, a heat source

A

IRON STAND, RING AND CLAMPS

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12
Q

(suction bulb)
– A common source of
CONTAMINATION

A

ASPIRATOR

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13
Q

these reagent bottles are not for alkalis/bases

A

GLASS REAGENT BOTTLE

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14
Q
  • ANALYTICA METHOD of determining the QUANTITY OF REAGENT of known concentration (STANDARD SOLUTION) that is required to react completely with the amount of active constituent is sample being analyzed (analyte).
A

TITRIMETRY

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15
Q

in TITRATION, the BURETTE contains the

A

TITRANT (standard soln., known soln.)

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16
Q

in TITRATION, the FLASK contains the

A

ANALYTE / TITRAND (unknown soln.)

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17
Q

Neutralization Reaction

A

ACID-BASE

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18
Q

ACID + BASE →

A

SALT + WATER

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19
Q

common indicators

A

methyl red
methyl orange
phenolphthalein

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20
Q

test analysis

A

ASSAY

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21
Q
  • A process in which A STANDARD REAGENT IS ADDED TO A SOLUTION OF ANALYTE until the reaction is judged to be complete.
A

TITRATION

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22
Q

solution of known concentration

A

STANDARD SOLN

23
Q

substance in a sample being analyzed

A

ANALYTE

24
Q

solution added from the buret

A

titranT

25
Q

substance being titrated

A

titranD

26
Q

During ASSAY…
* The standard solution is considered as the ___________; while the analyte/sample as the __________.

A

TITRANT, TITRAND

27
Q

– When the amount of added TITRANT IS CHEMICALLY EQUIVALENT TO THE AMOUNT OF ANALYTE in the sample

A

EQUIVALENCE POINT

28
Q

When a PHYSICAL CHANGE OCCURS that is associated with the condition of equivalence

A

END POINT

29
Q
  • These are mostly COMPLEX ORGANIC MOLECULES which are either weak acid or weak bases
  • ADDED TO THE ANALYTE SOLUTION to give an OBSERVABLE PHYSICAL CHANGE.
A

INDICATORS

30
Q

INDICATORS are either

A

WEAK ACIDS OR WEAK BASES

31
Q

color of PHENOPHTHALEIN on acidic side

A

colorless

32
Q

color of PHENOPHTHALEIN on basic side

A

pink

33
Q

PRELIMINARY STEP
CLEANING GLASSWARE

A
  1. Add detergent solution.
  2. Shake carefully and vigorously.
  3. Rinse with tap water.
  4. Rinse with distilled water.
    *for volumetric flask, burette and pipet
34
Q

Types of Analysis based on Reaction

A
  1. Neutralization
    a) Acidimetry
    b) Alkalimetry
  2. Precipitation
  3. Redox
  4. Complexation
35
Q

Methods of Titration

A
  1. Direct Titration
  2. Residual (Back) Titration
  3. Blank Titration
36
Q

– Titrant is added to analyte until a reaction goes to COMPLETION

A

DIRECT TITRATION

37
Q

– EXCESS REAGENT is added to the analyte and the EXCESS IS DETERMINED.

A

RESIDUAL (BACK) TITRATION

38
Q
  • It is to be conducted with the use of the SAME QUANTITIES OF THE SAME REAGENTS treated in the same manner as the solution or mixture containing the portion of the substance under assay, but WITH THE SUBSTANCE ITSELF OMITTED
A

BLANK TITRATION

39
Q

In direct titration, only ____ titrant solution is used.

A

ONE

40
Q

– It is defined as the NUMBER OF EQUIVALENTS of solute per liter of solution.
– Or milliequivalents per milliliter (mEq/mL)

A

NORMALITY

41
Q

NORMALITY FORMULA

A

N = Eq / L or mEq / mL

42
Q

Milliequivalent Weight (mEq wt)

A

mEq wt = MW / feq x 1000

43
Q

EQUIVALENCE FACTOR

A

feq = valence

44
Q

feq for ACIDS

A

no. of reactive H

45
Q

feq for BASES

A

no. of reactive OH

46
Q

feq for INORG SALTS

A

higher charge between +/- ions

47
Q

method of titration used for correction purposes

A

BLANK TITRATION

48
Q

To determine the EXACT CONCENTRATION of a solution

A

STANDARDIZATION

49
Q

The CONCENTRATION OF A SOLUTION IS DETERMINED by titrating it against a PRIMARY STANDARD.

A

STANDARDIZATION

50
Q

HIGHLY PURIFIED COMPOUND that serves a REFERENCE MATERIAL

A

PRIMARY STANDARD

51
Q

in STANDARDIZATION, the burette contains the

A

STANDARD SOLN, UNKNOWN SOLN / titranT

52
Q

in STANDARDIZATION, the FLASK contains the

A

PRIMARY STANDARD / titranD (known soln)

53
Q

NORMALITY FORMULA IN STANDARDIZATION

A

N = g / mEq wt x mL

PHARM ANA LAB (7 decks)

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