M2- Chapter 3 - Ions

Question 1

Calcium ions Ca2+

Answer 1

Muscle contraction

Nerve impulse transmission

Question 2

Sodium ions Na+

Answer 2

Nerve impulse transmission

Kidney Function

Question 3

Potassium ions K+

Answer 3

Nerve impulse

Stomatal opening

Question 4

Hydrogen ions H+

Answer 4

Production of ATP
Catalysis of reactions
pH determination(more H+ ions than OH- ions in solutions creates an acid)

Question 5

Ammonium ions NH4+

Answer 5

Production of nitrate ions by bacteria

Question 6

Nitrate ions NO3-

Answer 6

Component of nucleic acids
A component of the nitrogen cycle
Nitrogen supply for amino acids and protein formation

Question 7

Hydrogencarbonate ions HCO3-

Answer 7

Involved in the transport of CO2

Maintenance of blood pH

Question 8

Chloride ions Cl-

Answer 8

Involved in the transport of CO2
Regulates affinity of haemoglobin to oxygen
Balance positive charge of sodium and potassium ions in cells

Question 9

Phosphate ions PO43-

Answer 9

Component of phospholipid, ATP and nucleic acids
Helps root growth
Cell membrane formation
Bone formation

Question 10

Hydroxide ions OH-

Answer 10

catalysis of reactions

pH determination

Question 11

Name all monosaccharides

Answer 11

Glucose
Fructose
Ribose

Question 12

Name all disaccharides

Answer 12

Lactose
Sucrose
maltose

Question 13

What is lactose made of

Answer 13

Beta or alpha glucose

And an alpha galactose

Question 14

What is sucrose made of

Answer 14

Alpha glucose and alpha fructose

Question 15

What is maltose made of

Answer 15

2 alpha glucose monomers

Question 16

Name all polysaccharides

Answer 16

Glycogen
Cellulose
Starch