M2 Flashcards
Nutrient Categories
PROTEINS: polymers of 20 amino acid monomers; are the most numerous and versatile of the four, contain nitrogen
CARBOHYDRATES: next most versatile biomolecules; are simple monomer sugars and polymers of simple sugars
LIPIDS: 4th category of biomolecules, better known as fats, oils, and sterols; diverse group made up of combinations of hydrocarbons, fatty acids, and/or glycerol molecules; are not polymers because their structure is not composed of a chain of monomers
NUCLEIC ACIDS: large biomolecules that play essential roles in all cells and viruses; major functions of nucleic acids involve the storage and expression of genomic information (DNA and RNA); as well as energy carriers
Polarity- Phobic/Philic
HydroPHOBIC: water hating, shunned by water and clump together when added to water
HydroPHILIC: water loving and mix easily with water
Active Transport
Requires energy to pass something from one side of a cell membrane to anothe
Passive Transport
Does not require energy but is usually regulated by transport proteins
Prokaryote
Single-celled organisms lacking a nucleus and complex internal compartments
Eukaryote
May be single-celled or multicellular; cells typically possess many membrane-enclosed compartments called organelles; can be a thousand times larger by volume than prokaryotic cells
Cell Cycle
A sequence of events that makes up the life of a typical eukaryotic cell; from the moment of its origins to the time it divides to produce two daughter cells; divides for 2 reasons- to reproduce the organism & to grow and repair cells of a multicellular organism
Interphase
90% of a cell’s life; when the cell does what it normally does; gets ready for cell division
Checkpoints
G1 Checkpoint:
