M1U4: DIRECTING AND SUPERVISING THE LABORATORY

Question 1

most visible of all management functions

Answer 1

directing

Question 2

implies overseeing the work of subordinated by their subordinates by their superiors

Answer 2

supervising

Question 3

includes seeing that the day-to-day tasks necessary to ensure a smooth running facility are done

Answer 3

directing

Question 4

it is the act of watching and directing work and workers

Answer 4

supervising

Question 5

is the human factor stage (both leadership and managerial skills come to the forefront)

Answer 5

directing

Question 6

__ involves planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling

Answer 6

management

Question 7

____ deals with influence

Answer 7

leadership

Question 8

Social psychologist ___ first described his famous management system, based upon his observations of employee-manager relationships in organizational settings

Answer 8

Rensis Likert

Question 9

Four management systems as identified by Likert were

Answer 9

exploitative authoritative
benevolent authoritative
consultative
participative

Question 10

___ systems are extremely hierarchical, with power and responsibility lying at higher levels within the organization

Answer 10

exploitative authoritative

Question 11

in exploitative authoritative communications is delivered ___

Answer 11

top-down

Question 12

Higher management considers themselves responsible for achieving organizational objective but will hold employees responsible for any mistakes that are made at lower levels

Answer 12

exploitative authoritative

Question 13

in a ___ responsibility also lies at the upper echelons of the organization. However, instead of inducing performance through the threat of punishment, employees are instead motivated through a reward system.

Answer 13

benevolent authoritative

Question 14

Decision-making is extended to middle-managerial levels

Answer 14

benevolent authoritative

Question 15

More trust towards employees, though somewhat condescendingly

Answer 15

benevolent authoritative

Question 16

Employees may engage in counter-productive behaviour

Answer 16

exploitative authoritative

Question 17

In ___ managers have yet greater trust in their subordinates and demonstrate as such by implementing ideas or beliefs that they share with their team members

Answer 17

Consultative system

Question 18

There is an open level of communication throughout the hierarchy of the organization and team members are often consulted during the decision-making process

Answer 18

consultative

Question 19

Employee motivation is fueled by incentives, including both rewards and the possibility of involvement or even responsibility for specific tasks.

Answer 19

consultative

Question 20

employees discuss job-related issues horizontally, and sometimes vertically

Answer 20

consultative

Question 21

Liker considered the ___ to be the most satisfying for lower-level employees

Answer 21

participative

Question 22

rewards are common, and teams are happily cooperative with no direct competition between employees

Answer 22

participative

Question 23

This system is generally more common in flatter organizations, or those which are smaller with lower tiers of the hierarchy, though it can be employed within any company

Answer 23

participative

Question 24

___ are the set of actions or guiding beliefs that leaders can implement to move them toward success

Answer 24

leadership principles

Question 25

These are the foundation for success

Answer 25

leadership principles