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YC M13 & 14 Skull, Cranial Nerves, Brain, Special Senses > M13: Cranial Nerve Names, Functions, & How to Test Them > Flashcards

M13: Cranial Nerve Names, Functions, & How to Test Them Flashcards

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1
Q

Roman Numerals Review

I = 1

II = 2

III = 3

IV = 4

V = 5

VI = 6

VII = 7

VIII = 8

IX = 9

X = 10

XI = 11

XII = 12

A
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2
Q

What is the name and general function of cranial nerve I (CN I)?

Is it sensory, motor, or both (i.e. mixed)?

A

Olfactory Nerve

Sensation of Smell (Sensory Only)

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3
Q

What is the name and general function of CN II?

Is it sensory, motor, or both (i.e. mixed)?

A

Optic Nerve

Vision (Sensory Only)

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4
Q

What is the name and general function of CN III?

Is it sensory, motor, or both (i.e. mixed)?

A

Oculomotor Nerve

Motor control of eye (Motor Only)

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5
Q

What is the name and general function of CN IV?

Is it sensory, motor, or both (i.e. mixed)?

A

Trochlear Nerve

Motor Control of Eye (Motor Only)

Specifically it moves the eye up and down

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6
Q

What is the name and general function of CN V?

Is it sensory, motor, or both (i.e. mixed)?

A

Trigeminal Nerve

sensory and motor control of facial muscles and receptors

(Mixed sensory and motor)

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7
Q

What is the name and general function of CN VI?

Is it sensory, motor, or both (i.e. mixed)?

A
  • Abducens Nerve
  • motor eye movement; abducts eye (i.e. lateral gaze)
  • motor only
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8
Q

What is the name and general function of CN VII?

Is it sensory, motor, or both (mixed)?

A

Facial Nerve

Mixed, both Sensory and Motor Function to the Facial Region

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9
Q

What is the name and general function of CN VIII?

A

Vestibulocochlear Nerve

Special sensory nerve for balance, equilibrium and hearing

(Sensory only)

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10
Q

What is the name and general function of CN IX?

A

Glossopharyngeal Nerve

Sensory and Motor Functions to Head and Neck

(Mixed)

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11
Q

What is the name and general function of CN X?

A

Vagus Nerve

Mixed motor and sensory widely distributed throughout the thorax and abdomen. (Parasympathetic)

Note: the majority of the nerve fibers are sensory 80-90% of the nerve fibers in the vagus nerve are afferent (sensory) nerves communicating the state of the viscera to the brain

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12
Q

What is the name and general function of CN XI?

A

Accessory Nerve

Motor Control of the Neck and Upper Back

(Motor Only)

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13
Q

What is the name and general function of CN XII?

A

Hypoglossal Nerve

Tongue Movement (Motor Only)

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14
Q

Which cranial nerves contain only afferent (sensory fibers)?

A
  • Olfactory Nerve I (Sense of smell)
  • Optic Nerve II (Vision)
  • Vestibulocochlear Nerve VIII (balance, equilibrium, hearing)
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15
Q

Which cranial nerves contain only efferent (motor) fibers?

A
  • III Oculomotor Nerve
  • IV Trochlear Nerve
  • VI Abducens Nerve
  • XI Accessory Nerve
  • XII Hypoglossal Nerve
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16
Q

Which cranial nerves contain both sensory and motor fibers (mixed)?

A
  • V Trigeminal Nerve
  • VII Facial Nerve
  • IX Glossopharyngeal Nerve
  • X Vagus Nerve
17
Q

How do we test cranial nerve I?

A

Smell test

e.g. using an alcohol prep pad

cranial nerve I = olfactory nerve

18
Q

How do we test for the optic nerve (II)?

A

Test Vision

  • e.g. ask them to read something
  • e.g. ask them if there are any vision changes like blurry vision, double vision, eye floaters/black spots, etc.
19
Q

How do we test the oculomotor nerve (III)?

A

PERRL Test

  • Are both pupils equal in size and round?
  • Are they reactive to light?
20
Q

How do we test abducens nerve (VI)?

A

Test Motor Eye Movement Lateral Gaze (Left to Right, Right to Left)

21
Q

How do we test the trigeminal nerve (V)?

A

Trigminal does both sensory and motor control of facial muscles and receptors, so

  • smile and frown
  • touch both sides of face
22
Q

How do we test the trochlear nerve (IV)?

A

Test motor eye movement up and down gaze

Bonus: the torchlear nerve innnervates just one muscle of the eye (the trochlea) named so due it’s pulley-like action.

23
Q

What does PERRL stand for?

A

PERRL

  • P (Pupils)
  • E (Equal)
  • R (Round)
  • R (Reactive to)
  • L (Light
24
Q
A
25
Q

How can you test the hypoglossal nerve (XII)?

A

Test Motor Movement of Tongue

  • ask them to stick there tongue out (does it deviate to either side?)
  • Ask them to move it left and right
26
Q

How can you test the accessory nerve (XI)?

A

Ask them to shrug their shoulders

Bonus: you can also ask the mto turn their head against a little resistance

27
Q
A
28
Q

How can you test the vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII)?

A

Test Hearing - e.g. ask them to closer their eyes and see if they can hear normally on both sides when you rub your fingers

Test Balance/Equilibrium with Rhomberg’s Test

YC M13 & 14 Skull, Cranial Nerves, Brain, Special Senses (6 decks)

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