M11.5.1 Flashcards
What is ISA pressure at 15°C?
1013.25 Hectopascals
As altitude increases by 30 feet what happens to pressure?
For every 30 feet, pressure decreases by one Hectopascal
What does QFE stand for?
Pressure at field elevation
What does QNH stand for?
Pressure at sea level
Total pressure equals what?
Static pressure plus dynamic pressure
What is VSO?
Stall speed with flats and gears down (Landing configuration)
What is VFE?
Max allowable speed with flaps extended
What is VSI?
Stall speed in clean configuration with max weight
What is VNO?
Maximum air speed for cruise flight
What is VNE?
Speed never exceed
What colour band is the normal operating range?
Green
What colour band is full flap operating range?
White
What is the caution range and what colour band is it represented by?
It is the range that can be reached only at smooth air and without hard manoeuvers and is represented by a yellow band
What is VMO?
Max operating velocity
What is MMO?
Maximum allowed Mach number
What type of pressure does the vertical speed indicator use?
Static pressure
What does TAT stand for?
Static air temperature
What does OAT stand for?
Undisturbed air temperature/outside air temperature
What material are the tubes made of for the Pitot static system and why?
Aluminium because it is lightweight
What are the four things that can cause static source error?
Fuselage shape, airspeed, angle of attack, and flap and gear positions
What prevents rain and dust getting into the Pitot static probe?
Baffles
What can the Pitot probe also be known as?
The prandtl tube
What are 3 ADUs called?
An ADRIU (air data inertial reference unit)
What happens if the pilot deviates more than 300ft? And what happens if landing gear is selected?
There is a chime in the headset and a visual warning, if landing gear is selected it will switch off automatically
What happens if the pilot deviates beyond 900ft?
The system will automatically switch off because the system assumes that the pilot is changing flight level
When does an over speed warning occur?
When airspeed is higher than VMO or MMO
What is a stall warning?
It is a visual, audio warning and can be accompanied by a stick shaker
What can the flight data recorder withstand?
1000g and 1000°C
How can beacons be activated?
Seawater at 40kHz (lasts 30days and can withstand more than 3000m) and motion
How much data does the FDR store?
25hrs worth of data and then overrides itself
Gyro stability depends on 3 factors, what are they?
Mass, rotational speed and distance between the axis and the centre of mass
What is gyro procession?
It is when a force is applied and the reaction is shifted by 90°
What is apparent topple?
15° per hr at the equator and 0° at the pole
What is a lubber line?
It is the line used to calculate what a heading is at
What is one degree of freedom on a gyro?
The gyro can only spin around it’s axis
What is two degrees of freedom on a gyro?
One gimbal
What is total drift?
Apparent drift plus real drift
What is total topple?
Apparent topple plus real topple
How do gyros start?
Started by a vacuum or suction pump
What does the suction regulator control?
Keeps suction at about 5 inches of mercury to prevent over speed
How many degrees of freedom does a directional gyro have?
3
What is a standard turn?
The rate of turn should be 2 mins for a complete turn
How long does it take for a gyro to stop spinning after power off?
20mins
What is true north?
Reference to geographic North Pole (true heading)
What is magnetic north?
Heading with reference to magnetic North Pole
What is variation?
The difference between true north and magnetic north
What is deviation?
The difference between magnetic north and true north
What does EFIS stand for?
Electronic flight instrument system
What does ECAM stand for?
Electronic centralised aircraft monitoring
What does EICAS stand for?
Engine indication and crew alerting system
With local warnings what does each colour mean (red, amber, white)?
Red - immediate action
Amber - action required
White - switched off
What are the three alert levels?
Warnings, cautions and advisories
What are the two types of vibration sensor that are used?
Electromagnetic accelerometer and the piezoelectric crystal acceleration
