M10.4 AIR OPERATIONS

Question 1

What does Commission Regulation (EU) No 965/2012 regulate?

Answer 1

It regulates technical requirements and administrative procedures related to Air Operations (Air Ops) in the EU.

Question 2

What is commonly referred to as ‘AIR OPS’?

Answer 2

The regulation concerning the commercial operation of aeroplanes and helicopters.

Question 3

How many articles and annexes does the AIR OPS regulation have?

Answer 3

It has 10 articles and 8 annexes.

Question 4

What types of operations do the annexes of AIR OPS cover?

Answer 4

• Commercial air transport operations
• Commercial specialised operations
• Non-commercial operations with complex motor-powered aircraft
• Non-commercial specialised operations with complex motor-powered aircraft

Question 5

What is defined in Annex I of the AIR OPS regulation?

Answer 5

Definitions of terms used in Annexes II - VIII.

Question 6

Define ‘aeroplane’ as per AIR OPS.

Answer 6

‘Aeroplane’ means an engine-driven fixed-wing aircraft heavier than air supported in flight by the dynamic reaction of the air against its wings.

Question 7

What is meant by ‘contingency fuel’?

Answer 7

‘Contingency fuel’ means the fuel required to compensate for unforeseen factors influencing fuel consumption to the destination aerodrome.

Question 8

What constitutes the ‘Final approach and take-off area (FATO)’?

Answer 8

A defined area for helicopter operations where the final approach manoeuvre to hover or land is completed and from which take-off is commenced.

Question 9

What are ‘Performance class A aeroplanes’?

Answer 9

Multi-engined aeroplanes powered by turbo-propeller engines with an MOPSC of more than nine or a maximum take-off mass exceeding 5,700 kg.

Question 10

What does Annex II cover in the AIR OPS regulation?

Answer 10

Authority Requirements for Air Operations.

Question 11

What does Annex IV establish?

Answer 11

Additional operational requirements for Commercial Air Transport (CAT) operations.

Question 12

What is required before commencing commercial air operations according to AIR OPS?

Answer 12

Operators must apply for and obtain an Air Operator’s Certificate (AOC) issued by the UK CAA.

Question 13

What must an operator demonstrate to obtain an AOC?

Answer 13

They must meet all safety requirements and allow access for compliance checks by the UK CAA.

Question 14

What is the purpose of the Operator’s Manual (OM)?

Answer 14

To detail how the operator complies with the requirements for the AOC approval process.

Question 15

What is the continuing airworthiness responsibility of the operator?

Answer 15

The operator is responsible for ensuring that their aircraft remain in an airworthy condition.

Question 16

What is a Maintenance Programme?

Answer 16

A document detailing maintenance actions to be carried out at specified intervals to maintain airworthiness.

Question 17

What does the Maintenance Review Board (MRB) report provide?

Answer 17

The minimum and initial maintenance programme with tasks and application frequency for the aircraft.

Question 18

What is the Master Minimum Equipment List (MMEL)?

Answer 18

A list of aircraft systems/equipment that can be unserviceable at departure under specified conditions.

Question 19

What is the Configuration Deviation List (CDL)?

Answer 19

It identifies any external parts of an aircraft type which may be missing at the time of departure under specified conditions.

Question 20

Is the Minimum Equipment List (MEL) allowed to be less restrictive than the MMEL?

Answer 20

No, it can be more restrictive but not less restrictive than the MMEL.

Question 21

What must all crew members ensure regarding language?

Answer 21

They must be able to communicate in a common language.

Question 22

Fill in the blank: An Air Operator Certificate (AOC) specifies the _______.

Answer 22

name and location of the operator, date of issue, period of validity, and description of operations.

Question 23

True or False: The operator’s Minimum Equipment List (MEL) is valid for multiple aircraft.

Answer 23

False

Question 24

What documents must be carried on each flight?

Answer 24

The following documents shall be carried:
* Aircraft flight manual (AFM)
* Original certificate of registration
* Original certificate of airworthiness (CofA)
* Noise certificate
* Certified true copy of the air operator certificate (AOC)
* Operations specifications relevant to the aircraft type
* Original aircraft radio licence, if applicable
* Third party liability insurance certificate(s)
* Journey log, or equivalent
* Aircraft technical log
* Details of the filed ATS flight plan, if applicable
* Current aeronautical charts
* Procedures and visual signals information
* Information concerning search and rescue services
* Current parts of the operations manual
* MEL
* Appropriate notices to airmen (NOTAMs)
* Appropriate meteorological information
* Cargo and/or passenger manifests, if applicable
* Mass and balance documentation
* Operational flight plan, if applicable
* Notification of special categories of passenger (SCPs) and special loads, if applicable
* Any other pertinent documentation.

Question 25

What documents can be retained at the aerodrome or operating site for VFR operations?

Answer 25

The following documents may be retained: * Noise certificate * Aircraft radio licence * Journey log, or equivalent * Aircraft technical log * NOTAMs and AIS briefing documentation * Meteorological information * Notification of SCPs and special loads, if applicable * Mass and balance documentation.

Question 26

What happens in case of loss or theft of certain documents?

Answer 26

The operation may continue until the flight reaches its destination or a place where replacement documents can be provided.

Question 27

What markings must the aircraft contain regarding safety operations?

Answer 27

The aircraft must contain the following markings: * Specified markings and placards * Additional information and placards for safe operation * Each marking must be displayed noticeably and cannot be easily erased.

Question 28

List the types of emergency markings required in the cabin.

Answer 28

Types of emergency markings include: * Doors * Door handle operation * Emergency exit locations * Emergency equipment locations * Fire extinguisher location * No smoking * Fasten seatbelts * Life jacket locations * Life rafts locations * Emergency locator transmitter locations * First aid equipment locations * Supplemental oxygen locations.

Question 29

What color must markings for fuselage break-in areas be?

Answer 29

The color of the markings must be red or yellow.

Question 30

What is required for emergency exits on an aircraft?

Answer 30

Emergency exits must be clearly marked and have an emergency illumination source.

Question 31

What is required if an aircraft has a seating capacity of nineteen passengers or more?

Answer 31

There must be a door between the flight deck and the passenger compartment, marked 'Crew Only' and lockable.

Question 32

How should external doors be placarded if inoperative?

Answer 32

It must be placarded with a red and white 'No Entry' sign and the exit and opening instructions placards must be covered.

Question 33

What is required for fasten seat belt signs in aircraft?

Answer 33

Aircraft must be equipped with a means of indicating when seat belts shall be fastened and when smoking is not permitted.

Question 34

What must an aircraft bear to be allowed to fly?

Answer 34

An aircraft must bear its national registration markings, painted as required by the law of the country in which it is registered.