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AB PSYCH M2 > M1, M2, M3 > Flashcards

M1, M2, M3 Flashcards

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1
Q

4D’s of Abnormality and its definition.

A

Dysfunction-Breakdown in cognitive, emotional, or behavioral functioning.
Distress - Also known as impairment.
Deviance - Behavior that is atypical.
Danger – The tendency to harm oneself and others.

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2
Q

Explain the concept of comorbidity.

A

It is a coexistence of multiple disorders in one individual.

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3
Q

Who’s the father of modern Western medicine and what were some of the key ideas associated with his approach to abnormal behavior?

A

Hippocrates viewed abnormal behavior as a physical disease. He believed psychological disorders were treatable like other diseases and could result from factors such as brain issues, head trauma, and genetics.

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4
Q

Difference between Obsession and Compulsion.

A

Obsession-repetitive thoughts. Compulsion-repetitive behavior.

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5
Q

Excessive worry related to a wide range of events or activities that should last at least six (6) months.

Clue: Also known as free-floating disorder.

A

Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)

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6
Q

Four Major Specific Phobia Categories

A

Natural Environment, Animals, Situations, and Mutilation/Medical Treatment

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7
Q

An intense, persistent fear of being watched and judged by others

A

Social Anxiety Disorder

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8
Q

A type of anxiety disorder characterized by repeated episodes of intense anxiety or panic. For a diagnosis to be made with this disorder, the person must have experienced repeated, unexpected panic attacks. Name at least five (5) attacks or symptoms.

A

Panic disorder

  • Palpitations, pounding heart, or accelerated heart rate
  • Sweating
  • Trembling or shaking
  • Sensations of shortness of breath or smothering
  • Feelings of choking
  • Chest pain or discomfort
  • Nausea or abdominal distress
  • Feeling dizzy, unsteady, light-headed, or faint
  • Chills or heat sensations
  • Paresthesia (numbness or tingling sensations)
  • Derealization or depersonalization
  • Fear of losing control or “going crazy.”
  • Fear of dying
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9
Q

It is the development of physiological, psychological, and emotional symptoms following exposure to a traumatic event. Disturbance should occur for more than a month.

A

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

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10
Q

Focuses on avoiding frightening or repulsive intrusive thoughts by neutralizing these thoughts through the use of ritualistic behavior (compulsions).

A

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

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11
Q

Pain is real and it hurts whether there is a clear physical reason for pain.

A

Somatic Symptom Disorder

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12
Q

Preoccupation with physical symptoms and an excessive concern or fear about having a serious medical illness, despite little or no medical evidence to support the belief. Pain is real and it hurts whether there is a clear physical reason for pain.

Clue: Also known as Briquet’s Syndrome

A

Somatic Symptom Disorder (Persistent: More than 6 months)

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13
Q

Formerly known as hypochondriasis and what is its definition.

A

Illness anxiety disorder

excessive worry about having or developing a serious undiagnosed medical condition.

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14
Q

Differentiate Depersonalization and Derealization.

A

Depersonalization-temporarily loses sense of your own reality as if you are in a dream and you are watching yourself (like Astral Projection).
Derealization-you feel detached from your surroundings. People and objects around you may seem unreal.

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15
Q

Defined by the presence of at least one major depressive episode occurring in the absence of a history of manic or hypomanic episodes.

A

Major Depressive Disorder

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16
Q

Types of Dissociative Amnesia and its definitions.

A

Localized amnesia - inability to recall specific events.
Selective amnesia - can involve remembering certain details while blocking out others.
Generalized amnesia - difficulty recalling their entire life, including their own identity and personal history.
Systematized amnesia - amnesia is selective but organized around a specific theme or category.
Continuous amnesia - inability to remember ongoing or
continuous personal information.

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17
Q

What is DID?

A

Dissociative Identity Disorder. Old name: Multiple Personality Disorder. Alters is the shorthand term for the different identities or personalities in DID.
Host is the main personality, or the person being treated.

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18
Q

It is characterized by severe and recurrent temper outbursts that are disproportionate to the situation and inconsistent with the individual’s developmental level primarily diagnosed in children and adolescents.

A

Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder

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19
Q

Fill in the blanks:

Persistent Depressive Disorder
Also known as ________.
Defined as depressed mood that continues at least ______.
In addition to rating severity of the episode as mild, moderate, or severe, clinicians use _____ basic specifiers to describe depressive disorders.

A

Answers: Dysthymia Disorder
2 years
eight (8)

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20
Q

What are the two types of mood episodes that characterize Bipolar II Disorder?

A

Major depressive episodes and hypomanic episodes

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21
Q

How does Cyclothymic Disorder differ from Bipolar I and II Disorders?

A

It is a milder but more chronic version of bipolar disorder.

22
Q

Fill in the blanks:
__________ defined the types of suicide:
______ – an individual who brought dishonor to himself or his family.
______ – result from a loss of control over one’s own destiny.
______ – is the result of marked disruptions, such as the sudden loss of a high-prestige job.
______ – the loss of social support.

A

Answers:
Emile Durkheim
Altruistic suicide
Fatalistic suicides
Anomic suicide
Egoistic suicide

23
Q

2 key features of Eating Disorder.

A

Disturbed eating habits and Disturbed weight control

24
Q

TRUE OR FALSE.
Typically, when someone regurgitates their food, they do appear to be trying, or do they appear to be stressed, upset, or disgusted.

A

FALSE. They do NOT appear to be trying nor do they appear to be stressed, upset, or disgusted.

25
Q

Connor is a 14-year-old adolescent male who was brought to a pediatrician’s office by his parents due to concerns about his extremely limited food intake. He has a history of struggling with food from an early age. His diet is severely restricted, consisting mainly of a few specific foods, such as plain pasta, chicken nuggets, and crackers. He avoids any foods with certain textures, smells, or appearances. This pattern of behavior has caused significant distress and concern for his parents and is affecting his overall health and development.

A

Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder

26
Q

Fill in the blanks:
People with _____ are very proud of their diet. They maintain a body weight that is below the minimal normal level. ________, they are ashamed of their behavior.

A

Answers:
Anorexia Nervosa
Bulimia Nervosa

27
Q

Fill in the blanks:
_____- a sexual problem that has been present from first sexual experience.
_____- applies to sexual dysfunctions that develop after a period of relatively normal sexual function.
______- refers to sexual difficulties that are not limited to certain types of stimulation, situations, or partners.
_____ - refers to sexual difficulties that only occur with certain types of stimulation, situations, or partners.

A

Answers:
Lifelong
Acquired
Generalized
Situational

28
Q

What are the 2 Algolagnic Disorders?

A

Sexual Masochism Disorder & Sexual Sadism Disorder

29
Q

Laurel is a 28-year-old female who presents to a gynecologist’s office with complaints of recurrent, severe pain during sexual intercourse, making it nearly impossible for her to engage in penetrative activities. She reports that this issue has persisted for over a year and has taken a toll on her relationship with her long-term partner, causing emotional distress.

A

Genito-Pelvic Pain or Penetration Disorder

30
Q

Fill in the blanks:
Substance-_____ - Ingestion of psycho-active substances in moderate amounts
Substance-_____ - getting drunk.
Substance-_____ - intake of substance that significantly interferes with the user’s life.

A

Answers:
Substance-Use
Substance-Intoxication
Substance-Abuse

31
Q

Fill in the blanks:
Recurrent and intense arousal from observing an unsuspecting person who is naked, undressing, or engaging in sexual activity. _______

A person has a strong urge to expose their genitals. _______

Act of touching or rubbing one’s genitals against another non-consenting individual in a sexual manner. _________

These are:
a. Anomalous Activity Preferences
b. Algolagnic Disorders
c. Anomalous Target Preferences

A

Answers:
Voyeuristic Disorder
Exhibitionistic Disorder
Frotteuristic Disorder

a. Anomalous Activity Preferences

32
Q

Nate is a 17-year-old male who was brought to an emergency room by concerned family members. He has been acting strangely, exhibiting erratic behavior, and experiencing various physical and psychological symptoms over the past few weeks. Family members have found empty containers of household products, such as lysol sprays, in his room. They suspect that he has been inhaling these substances to achieve a high.

A

Inhalant-Related Disorders

33
Q

Types of Treatment for Substance Use and Gambling Disorder.

A

Answers:
Aversion Therapy
Contingency Management to change behaviors
AAs (Alcoholic Anonymous) -Group Therapy
Inpatient Hospital Treatment/Facility-based Intervention
Relapse Prevention Therapy
Family Therapy

34
Q

James is a 32-year-old male who has recently lost his job and is facing financial difficulties. His family members have noticed that he spends an excessive amount of time at casinos and engages in online gambling. He has accumulated significant debt due to his gambling activities and has been unable to meet his financial obligations.

A

Gambling Disorder

35
Q

Sam is a 40-year-old male who presents to a mental health clinic due to issues in his personal and professional life. Sam consistently displays an inflated sense of self-importance and superiority. He often exaggerates his achievements and expects special treatment from others. Sam’s family members, friends, and colleagues have expressed concerns about his behavior, which they describe as self-centered and lacking empathy.

A

Narcissistic Personality Disorder

36
Q

Take the role of “the life of the party.”

A

Histrionic Personality Disorder

37
Q

Oliver is a 35-year-old male who works as a project manager at a technology company. He is known for his precision and attention to detail in his professional life but has experienced difficulties in his personal relationships. Oliver exhibits an excessive preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism, and control, often at the expense of efficiency and flexibility. He sets unreasonably high standards for himself and others.

A

Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder

38
Q

Needs others to feel sheltered. Also takes criticism and disapproval as proof of their worthlessness and lose faith in themselves.

A

Dependent Personality Disorder

39
Q

Believe that they are God.

a. Delusions of grandeur
b. Erotomanic Delusions
c. Delusions of reference

A

a. Delusions of grandeur

40
Q

Lack of motivation of goal-directed behavior.

A

Avolition

41
Q

Bonnie is a 40-year-old woman who has recently been admitted to a psychiatric hospital due to her persistent and fixed delusional beliefs. She’s convinced that she is a world-renowned scientist working on a top-secret government project, which she believes has made her a target of international espionage.

A

Delusional Disorder

42
Q

A condition where you can’t recognize other health conditions or problems that you have.
Also known as “denial of deficit” or “lack of insight”.

A

Anosognosia

43
Q

Switch from one topic to another, illogical connection in a chain of thoughts. Also seen as illogicality, or the tendency to provide bizarre explanations for things.

A

Derailment/Loose Associations

44
Q

Is a specific symptom of catatonia. It refers to the patient’s body showing resistance to being moved.

A

Waxy flexibility

45
Q

Differentiate Echopraxia and Echolalia.

A

Echolalia- involuntary repetition of language and sounds.
Echopraxia - involuntary imitation or repetition of someone else’s actions.

46
Q

A catatonic behavior that completely lacks verbal and motor responses.

A

Mutismor stupor

47
Q

What are the 2 Algolagnic Disorders?

A

Sexual Masochism Disorder & Sexual Sadism Disorder

48
Q

Frank is a 25-year-old male who was brought to a psychiatric clinic by his family due to a sudden and severe change in behavior and thinking. Over the past two months, he has experienced a range of symptoms, including hallucinations, delusions, disorganized speech, and social withdrawal. His family is concerned about his well-being and the alarming nature of his symptoms. He exhibits positive symptoms, including auditory hallucinations (hearing voices), paranoid delusions (believing he is being watched), and disorganized thinking and speech.

A

Schizophreniform Disorder

49
Q

Michaela is a 30-year-old woman who presents to a mental health clinic due to a long-standing pattern of social avoidance and fear of rejection. She describes intense anxiety and discomfort in social situations, which has hindered her ability to make friends or pursue romantic relationships. She works from home to minimize social interactions and rarely leaves her house except for essential tasks.

A

Avoidant Personality Disorder

50
Q

Give at least three (3) treatments for Personality Disorder.

A

Dialectical Behavior Therapy
- CBT
- Learn value of relationship, social skills training with role playing.
- Medication
- Relaxation or distraction techniques to redirect compulsion
- Behavioral Intervention (Systematic Desensitization,
Behavioral Rehearsal)

51
Q

Abbreviate all:

GAD
PGD
BDD
DMDD
BDSM

A

GAD - Generalized Anxiety Disorder
PGD - Prolonged Grief Disorder
BDD - Body Dysmorphic Disorder
DMDD - Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder
BDSM - Bondage-domination-sadism-masochism

AB PSYCH M2 (5 decks)

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