M1: HCA Role and Responsibilities Flashcards
DESCRIBE canada’s current health care system built for the canadian residents?
publicly funded health care system of health insurance plans with federal, provincial, and territorial government sharing responsibilities within the system.
- the provincial and territorial fund health care services with assistance from the federal government.
- to receive full share, p&t’s medicare must meet (5) criteria comprehensiveness, universality, portability, accessibility, and public adminstration (in the federal’s gov. canada health act)
what does medicare provide (give)?
access to universal and comprehensive coverage for hospital and doctor/physician services.
DEFINE the 5 criteria provincial and territorial medicare plans must meet and FOR WHAT purpose?
(5) comprehensiveness: insurance must pay for all medically necessary services (ex. drugs, supplies, diagnostic test)
universality: permanent resident of a province/territory is entitled to receive the insured health care services provided by the plan.
portability: people can keep their health care coverage even if they change jobs, unemployed / move locations between. BUT must inform & register to their new location within 3MONTHS.
accessibility: allowed to receive medical services regardless of income, age, health status, gender, or location.
public administration: insurance plan run by public organization on a nonprofit basis and is accountable to the citizens and gov.
**these 5 criteria for provincial and territorial to receive full share of fund from the federal gov.
what are the main health care trends?
health promotion and disease prevention
what is the main purpose of home care?
enable clients to remain in their homes + encouraging independence
difference of the old approach to health care system vs. now?
old purpose: diagnose, treat, and cure illnesses
new purpose: all of those + health promotion and disease prevention
T/F: provinces and territories have the same health care policies
F: they have their own.
who are support services (medicare) governed by in canada?
provincial/territorial gov.
difference between past definition of health vs now?
past definition: not being sick from outbreak of diseases
modern definition: a lifestyle based on (5) physical, emotional, social, cognitive, and spiritual factors.
define psychosocial health
well-being in social, emotional, intellectual, and spiritual dimensions in one’s life.
define holistic approach
provinding support which considers client as a whole person, and not just focusing on their mental needs or physical health.
define holism
focuses on (5) factors which well-being (physocial health) depend on: cognitive/intellectual, emotional, spiritual,social,physical.
define the 5 dimensions of health
(5) physical: influenced by genetics and lifestyle (the way they live)
emotional: emotions, ability to function and adapt to circumstances (hardship)
social: stable relationships/interactions.
spiritual: belief in purpose and has strong morals and beliefs
cognitive: active mind, creativity and curiousity.
what are the 12 key determinants of health?
(12) income and social status = determines living conditions
social support networks
education and literacy = level of education, knowledge, and skills
employment and working conditions = risk of stress and danger
social support
physical enviroments = enviroment
personal health practices and coping skills = choices to prevent disease, promote self-care, and overall enhance health
healthy child development
biology and genetic endowment
health services = health promotion + disease prevention
gender = roles assigned by society
culture
describe optimal/complete health vs. extreme ill health
optimal/complete health: best health possible in all 5 dimensions of health. Strong self esteem, health lifestyle, positive social relationship, balanced mind body and spirit, absence of disease, effective handling of disability.
extreme ill health: severe emotional distress, unhealthy lifestyle, social isolation/depression, imbalance of mind body and spirit, severse mental or physical illness/disability
what 6 beliefs and influences that affects our health?
(6) learned beliefs, family influences, social networks, community, religion, and government
what do you do: if you believe a client’s health belief is harmful?
collect accurate knowledge as to why and what resulted in this health belief, report to your supervisor, and document
to assist with care planning.
define support workers
provide care and assistance to a client who have a defined health care need of any age in either a facility or in a community who requires help with their daily basic activities.
what is a client? where do they receive service?
any person receiving care or support services in a community setting such as hospital patients, facility residents, or in a community.
what is the goal of support work? how can they make a difference in people’s lives?
goal: improve the quality of life of the client and the family by offering client-centered care and support in a safe, caring, kind, sensitive and understanding manner.
(5) they make a difference by alleviating (temporarily reducing) loneliness, providing empathy (the ability to understand their feelings), ensuring comfort, encouraging independence, and promoting the client’s self respect (loving and treating yourself with care)
**DIPPS
how does support workers support client and family?
in a holistic manner (providing support which considers all aspect needs of the person, not just mentally) by addressing physical, psychological, social, cognitive, cultural, and spiritual needs and advocates by speaking, acting or making decisions on the client’s behalf.
what influences on how a support worker function?
depends on: legislation (laws), agency policy and procedures and a client’s condition
T/F: can support workers collaborate with others? who?
T: w/ health care providers or other professionals (based on client’s needs)
what are the rules of being a support worker?
(3) protect client’s right to confidentiality with co-workers and others (only incharge nurses allowed), adapt to their client’s preference of receiving care UNDER THE AGENCY POLICIES AND PROCEDURE, FIRST PRIORITY: ensure client’s safety
responsibility of a support worker?
(6) personal care (assistance with ADLS - activities of daily living / self-care actions): assist for limited mobility clients + promote safety and comfort.
support for nurses and other health care providers: by following established care plan for each client + observes and report in changes in the client.
family support: assist with admissions (introduces them to the facility) and discharges. In private homes, they assist with mostly ADLs.
social support: encourages client to participate in social events + promotes the learning of independence.
LIGHT housekeeping / home management (private home): assist with IADLs.
documenting and reporting any basic observation (updates) and care provided in the client’s record.
difference between ADLs and IADLs?
ADLs: (activities of daily living / self-care actions to maintain well-being) assist for limited mobility clients + promote safety and comfort.
IADLs: (complex and necessary skills to live independently)
what clients would usually need care of support services?
older person, people with disabilities, medical issues, people having surgery, needing rehabilitation or special care, children, newborns
difference between patient, resident, client?
ALL RECEIVING CARE, JUST DIFFERENT SETTINGS.
patient: hospital
resident: live-in/long term care facility
client: ALL. community, home care
difference between regulated vs. unregulated workers
regulated: self governing, has education and license requirements (ex. lps, rns)
unregulated/UCPs: health care providers who perform services under the direction and supervision of regulated health professionals or employer - guide of policies and procedures
what are the 4 basic principles of the HCA role CARE / person-centered CARE approach?
compassionate caring through competence (the ability to do something successfully with training + supervision), accurate observation, respond, and enchance quality of life
what is the only exception in which you can help a client purchase things that they need?
in a home care setting
describe the 9 different types of care that support workers can give in a given specific setting.
(9) acute care: health care provided for a short time to treat an immediate health issue (mostly) in a hospital
subacute/convalescent/complex continuing care: health care or rehab from recovering from surgery or injury or being stabilized.
long-term care: health and support services provided to people who cannot care for themselves and to help cope with their challenges
respite care: temporary care of a person who requires high level of support, care, and supervision.
rehabilitation care: therapies and educational programs designed to restore or improve the client’s independence and functional abilities.
palliative care (end of life): services for client living with an illness that cant be cured, provide care by improving their quality of life, manage pain and symptoms.
end of life care: clients have stopped treatment to cure or control their disease.
hospice: attempt to make the client’s last days as painless and comfortable as possible.
mental health care services
define facility-based settings
workplaces that provide clients with accommodations, health care, and support services. (ex. hospitals - short term or long-term care facilities - people who are not able to live independently)
what are the different types of live-in facilities?
( )assisted-living facilities: residents live in their own apartments and receive support services = 24hr supervision, social/recreational programs, meals, light housekeeping and laundry services.
group homes: group of people with physical/mental disabilities live together in a house and receive supervision, care, and support services.
retirement home: allows older people that do not have illness or disabilities to live independently as possible while providing security, support services, and small amount of care.
what does DIPPS stand for?
dignity, independence and individualized care (different care, client-based care), preferences, privacy, and safety
what is the best way to get to know about your client?
(3) client’s care plan - past health history, preferences,
what does all members of the health care team be to provide care except HCA?
(3) licensed, meets specific standards and regulations within their profession, maintain standard of practice.
T/F: Health Care Aides are not licensed/regulated by law
T
what defined set does HCA function under? and what does it do?
alberta competencies: limits the roles and responsibilities of a HCA
where can you clarify your roles and responsibilities as a HCA?
job description under the policy and procedure of the agency
who can assign your task?
other members of the health care team can assign task within the roles and responsibilities of an HCA
requirements of carrying out a task?
(4) competent with training and experience under direct supervision, proper knowledge (client’s care plan), safe, within scope of practice under agency’s policy and procedure.
what do you do if you are not trained for an assigned task under your scope of practice?
(3) review material/notes and client’s care plan, discuss with the supervisor, request training under direct supervision until competent and confident.
define the purpose of a policy and procedure manual
guideline for helping staff perform their job in ways that are acceptable to the organization.
difference between a policy and a procedure?
policy: the ‘‘what’’ is the goal (contain the word ‘‘will’’)
procedure: the ‘‘how’’ will we fulfill a policy
abuse of clients must be reported according to what act?
PPCA: Protection for Persons in Care Act
why cant you act outside of a company’s policy and procedure?
they will not be able to protect you and you will be held liable.
what does a good job description include?
(5) title of the position, department, who you will report to, overall responsibilities, key responsibilities
**AS SPECIFIC AS IT CAN BE
what are the main 2 legislation that impacts the role and responsibility of both regulated professional and unregulated staff?
GOA= alberta gov. organization act
HPA= alberta health professions act
difference between a job description vs. scope of practice?
define MDS
minimum data set (clinical assessment): standard tool that focuses on direct observation + treatment of clients admitted into long care facilities or home care.
what does MDS measure?
(7) mobility, diet n nutrition, socialization, support systems for finances, pain, medication, elimination patterns and problems
define RAPs
resident assessment protocol: indicates whether client is treated for pain often and effectively enough + contains medication symptoms
T/F: RAPs can be used to include information for a client’s care plan
T
what should you do with any different observation of a client?
report and record any changes
define audit and examples
evaluation of incident reports to prevent further incidents
(2) infection prevention and control, restraint use
define professionalism and provide examples
approach to work that demonstrates respect, commitment, competence, and appropriate behaviour.
(7) be positive, be responsible, take accountability, discretion about clients and personal info, lifelong learning, acceptable language, professional appearance - short nails, avoid jewelry and hair
T/F: you should never address your name and title to the client or explain what you are doing as you are doing it
F: always communicate as much knowledge to the client as possible + ask for consent and explain each step to the client
define lifelong learning and the skills
learning and adapting to changes through opportunities, experiences, or knowledge for development (keeping up with your practice)
(3) motivation to obtain knowledge, applying learning in every aspect in real life, reflect
what type of patient data are the HCA and nurses responsible for inputting?
(4) vital signs, weight, height, test, etc results in the EHR (electronic health records)
define the role of a HCA regarding incident reports/MDS
complete MDS data asap under agency policy and procedures
T/F: never focus on client’s need, only your task on them
F: put client’s needs first, then complete other task
difference between independence, dependence, interdependence
independence: not relying on others for control, authority or mobility
dependence: relying others for support and being unable to manage without help
interdependence: relying on one another
the rule to time management when you have too many task at once?
prioritize task + organize a schedule
what do you do as a HCA when a client refuse on a specific task?
suggest a alternative solution including the client or do other task first
whats the 3 main responses of clients to receiving care?
adaptive response: responds positively to present circumstances
aggressive response: in denial of the changes in their loss = wants control, refuses care
apathetic/withdrawn response: doesn’t care = allows assistance, but wont participate in their own care
difference between race, ethnicity and culture
race:
ethnicity: sharing of a common history, language, geography, origin, religion or identity
culture: characteristic of a group of a people - values, belief, habits, ways of life
difference between ethics, morals, values and beliefs
ethics: rules of conduct which guides us to decide what is right and wrong
morals: fundamental principles of behaviour that we believe is right or wrong WITHOUT concern of legalities.
values: what a individual considers to be desirable qualities in a person
belief = fact
what are the 4 principles of health care ethics (rule of conduct/behaviour)?
(4) autonomy/self-determination (respect client’s independence - to make their own decisions when mentally competent)
justice (being fair)
beneficence (doing good)
nonmaleficence (doing no intentional/unintentional harm)
what info can you give a client about a procedure?
why, who will do it, how (the steps), feelings that can be expected
define each level of the maslow’s hierarchy of needs
physical: essential to survive
safety:
love and belonging:
self-esteem: being thought well by yourself and others
self-actualization: realizing own potential/purpose
describe different type of pains
acute pain: sudden pain last less than 6 months due to injury, disease, or surgery
chronic/persistent pain: longer than 6 months, can be constant or not
phantom limb pain: felt in body part that is no longer there
radiating pain: pain felt extended to nearby areas
referred pain: felt in part of body separate from source of pain
