M1: Fever & Hyperthermia Flashcards
If it exceeds the set point of our thermostat
Hot sensation
Acts as body’s thermostat
Hypothalamus
Release of heat by water vapor
Exhalation
More effective in releasing heat
Evaporation
Temperature lower than the thermostat
Cold
Heat production by
Shivering
Increases metabolism to release
Hea
Heat production
Hot
Heat preservation
Cold
Elevated body temperature and increase in hypothalamic set point.
Fever
Hyperpyrexia
> 41.5°C
Substance that causes fever
Pyrogen
Direct effect to the hypothalamus
Exogenous pyrogens
Needs to be stimulated first. Indirect effect to the hypothalamus.
Endogenous pyrogen
Uncontrolled increase in body’s temperature that exceeds body’s ability to lose heat. May lead to heat stroke.
Hyperthermia
Heat stroke usually occurs due to
Exogenous exposure (environment)
Exertional: exercise in higher than normal heat and humidity. Nonexertional: drugs. Examples are anticholinergics.
Heat stroke
Induced by amphetamins, cocaine, mdma, demethylamide & etc.
Drug Induced Hyperthermia
Inhalational anestheics & succinylcholine
Malignant Hyperthermia
Manifestation of heat stroke/hyperthermia
Warm dry skin
Increased hypothalamic set point
Fever
Exogenous heat exposure or endogenous heat production
Hyperthermia
Treatment for fever
Antipyretics & Anti-cytokine therapy
Examples of Antipyretics
NSAIDs, Aspirin & Paracetamol “NAP”
Specific to act on the hypothalamus thus decreasing PGE2
Paracetamol
Internal cooling for Hyperthermia
Gastric lavage, peritoneal lavage & cooling the blood
External cooling for Hyperthermia
Cooling blankets, fans and ice baths
