M1 Cardio Pulm

Question 0

ARBs - Brand Name and Mechanism

Answer 0

Brand Name - Sartans - Losartan
Mechanism - Lower BP/Anti-Hypertensive - Angiotensin Receptor Blockers - Prevent AII Vasoconstriction and Aldosterone Production

Question 1

ACE Inhibitors - Brand Name + Mechanism

Answer 1

Brand Name: Prils - Enalapril + Lisinopril
Mechanism - Lower BP/Anti-Hypertensive - Impede Angiotensin II Production - AII Causes Vasoconstriction and Aldosterone Production

Question 2

Atropine (Brand Name) - Mechanism

Answer 2

Mechanism - Cholinergic Muscarinic Antagonist - Blocks Muscarinic Effects of Ach - Anti-Parasymp.

Question 3

Beta Blockers - Brand Name and Mechanism

Answer 3

Name - olols - Atenolol + Metoprolol

Mechanism - Inhibits B1 SNS Effects - Anti-hypertensive (lower HR + Reduce Inotropy)

Question 4

Type L Calcium Channel Antagonist - Brand Name and Mechanism

Answer 4

Brand Name - Amlodipine

Mechanism - Anti-Hypertensive - Blocks L-Type Calcium Channels in VSM - Inhibits VSM constriction - Lowers resistance/BP

Question 5

Positive Inotropics - Brand Names and Mechanisms

Answer 5

Name - Epi/Norepi + Cardiac Glycosides (Digoxin)

Mechanism - Enhance Cardiac Contractility and/or Rate

Question 6

Digoxin - Mechanisms

Answer 6

Mechanism - Inhibits Na/K ATPase - Increases Intercellular Na - Causes resistance to Na influx - Inhibits Na/Ca Exchanger (no gradient for Na in so no ability to push Ca out) - Stronger contractions due to increased Ca - Increased Inotropy

Question 7

Loop Diuretic - Brand Name and Mechanism

Answer 7

Brand Name - Furosemide

Mechanism - Impairs Na/K/Cl reabsorption in the Kidneys - Holds N2) in urine - decreases blood volume - decreases BP

Question 8

Thiazide Diuretic - Brand Name and Mechanism

Answer 8

Brand Name - Hydrochlorothiazide - HCTZ
Mechanism - Impairs Na reabsorption in the Kidney (increases Volume Loss) + Other poorly understood anti-hypertensive effects

Question 9

Slow Calcium Channel Blocker - Brand Name and Mechanism

Answer 9

Brand Name - Cardizem/Diltazem
Mechanism - Blocks AV Nodal Conduction (Targets AV Nodal Ca Channels) - Slows HR - Used for Supraventricular Tachycardia (and A-Fib) to prevent conduction to ventricles

Question 10

Statins - Mechanism

Answer 10

Mechanism - Cholesterol Lowering Medication - HMG- CoA Reductase Inhibitor - Inhibits the rate limiting step of Cholesterol Synthesis

Question 11

Ezetimibe - Mechanism

Answer 11

Mechanism - Cholesterol Lowering - Inhibits cholesterol absorption by adding Liver LDL receptors (more reuptake)

Question 12

Niacin – Mechanism

Answer 12

Vitamin B3

Mechanism - Inhibits mobilization of FFA - Reduces VLDL Secretion

Question 13

Fibrates - Mechanism

Answer 13

Mechanism - Up regulates LPL (Via Apo AI and AII and Inhibition of Apo CIII) - Decreases VLDL and Increases HDL

Question 14

Beta 2 Agonists - Brand Name (2) and Mechanism

Answer 14

Brand Name - Albuterol (Short Term) + Salmetrol (Long Term)

Mechanism - Bronchiodilation - Activate the B2 Receptors - Gs - cAMP - PKA

Question 15

Fluticasone (Brand Name) - Mechanism

Answer 15

Mechanism - Inhaled long acting corticosteroid - Reduces inflammation in the airways