M1

Question 1

refers to beliefs concerning right
and wrong (Deontic Concepts), good and
bad (Value concepts), beliefs that can
include judgments, values, rules, principles,
and theories.

Answer 1

MORALITY

Question 2

This address the powerful question that
____________ formulated 24,000 years ago:
“How ought we to live?’’

Answer 2

SOCRATES

Question 3

Ethics is concerned with values

Answer 3

MORAL VALUES

Question 4

Through sifting and weighing of moral
values we determine what the most
important things are in our lives.

What is worth living for and what is
worth dying for.

We decide what is the greatest good,
what goals we should pursue in life,
what virtues we should cultivate, what
duties we should or should not fulfil,
what values we should put on human
life, and

what pain and perils we should
be willing to endure for notions such as
the common good, justice, and rights.

Answer 4

ETHICS IS CONCERNED WITH VALUES -MORAL VALUES

Question 5

Solving these problems requires
_________________ to critically evaluate
and re – evaluate existing moral beliefs.

Answer 5

INTELLECTUAL TOOLS

Question 6

“that by just embracing
morality bequeathed to him by society we
will be left behind and not be able to
defend our beliefs by rational arguments
against criticism.”

Answer 6

PAUL TAYLOR

Question 7

2 Easy roads in ethics includes:

Answer 7

1. SUBJECTIVISM
2. SUBJECTIVE RELATIVISM

Question 8

You can establish your moral beliefs by simply consulting your feelings or emotions.

Answer 8

SUBJECTIVISM

Question 9

What a person believes or approves of determines the rightness and wrongness of actions.

Answer 9

SUBJECTIVE RELATIVISM

Question 10

_______ does not give us a royal road to
moral truth. Instead, it shows us how to ask
critical questions about morality and
systematically seek answers supported by
good reasons.

Answer 10

ETHICS

Question 11

Many of the questions in ethics are among
the toughest we can ever ask like?

Answer 11

1. What makes an action right or wrong?
2. Is the moral principle “never lie” valid?
3. Is morality based on religion?
4. Do animals and nature have rights?
5. Is it permissible to break a promise in
   order to save a person’s life?
6. Were his intentions good?

Question 12

3 Ethical Landscape

Answer 12

1. MORAL PHILOSOPHY
2. PHILOSOPHY
3. SCIENCE

Question 13

• suggests ethics is a branch of philosophy.
• tries to answer the fundamental questions of morality.

Answer 13

MORAL PHILOSOPHY

Question 14

• is the systematic use of critical reasoning to answer the most fundamental questions in life.

Answer 14

PHILOSOPHY

Question 15

also studies morality, but not in the way that moral philosophy does.

Answer 15

SCIENCE

Question 16

• scientific study of moral beliefs and practices.
• Its aim is to describe and explain how
  people actually behave and think when
  dealing with moral issues and concepts.
• This kind of empirical research is
  usually conducted by sociologists,
  anthropologists, and psychologists.
• The point of inquiry is to determine
  what actions are right/wrong and what
  things are good/bad.

Answer 16

DESCRIPTIVE ETHICS

Question 17

the study of the principles, rules, or theories that guide our actions and judgments.

Answer 17

NORMATIVE ETHICS

Question 18

the study of the meaning and logical structure of moral belief.

Answer 18

METAETHICS

Question 19

the application of moral norms to specific moral issues or cases, particularly those in a profession such as medicine or law,

Answer 19

APPLIED ETHICS

Question 20

outside, things that when you in good.

Answer 20

INSTRUMANTALLY OR EXTRINSICALLY
GOOD

Question 21

inside, goodness of person.
EX: telling the truth

Answer 21

INTRINSICALLY GOOD

Question 22

5 Moral traits of Moral Principle

Answer 22

1. PRESCRIPTIVITY
2. UNIVERSALIZABILITY
3. OVERRIDINGNESS
4. PRACTICALITY
5. PUBLICITY

Question 23

Shares this trait with all normative discourse and is used to appraise behavior, assign praise and blame, and produce feelings of satisfaction or guilt.
- need to follow

Answer 23

PRESCRIPTIVITY

Question 24

Moral principles must apply to all people who are in a relevantly similar situation. This trait is an extension of the principle of consistency.

Answer 24

UNIVERSALIZABILITY

Question 25

moral principles have predominant authority and override other kinds of principles

Answer 25

OVERRIDINGNESS

Question 26

moral principle must have practicability, which means that it must be workable and its rules must not lay a heavy burden on us when we follow them.

Answer 26

PRACTICALITY

Question 27

moral principles must be made public in order to guide our actions.

Answer 27

PUBLICITY

Question 28

right act is an act that is permissible for you to do. It may be either (a) obligatory or (b) optional

Answer 28

ACTION

Question 29

is one that morality requires you to do; it is not permissible for you to refrain from doing it

Answer 29

OBLIGATORY ACT

Question 30

is one that is neither obligatory nor wrong to do. It is not your duty to do it, nor is it your duty not to do it. Neither doing it nor not doing it would be wrong.

Answer 30

OPTIONAL ACT

Question 31

wrong act is one you have an obligation, or a duty, to refrain from doing: It is an act you ought not to do; it is not permissible to do it

Answer 31

WRONG ACT

Question 32

acts are neither required nor obligatory, but they exceed what morality requires, going “beyond the call of duty.”

Answer 32

SUPEREROGATORY ACTS or HIGHLY ALTRUISTIC ACTS

Question 33

(from the Greek word deon, meaning “duty”) - one important kind of ethical theory that emphasizes the nature of the act.

Answer 33

DEONTOLOGICAL

Question 34

Perhaps the leading proponent of deontological ethics in recent centuries is __________ - defended a principle of moral duty that he calls the categorical imperative

Answer 34

EMMANUEL KANT

Question 35

“Act only on that maxim whereby you can at the same time will that it would become a universal law.”

Answer 35

CATEGORICAL IMPERATIVE

Question 36

(from the Greek telos, meaning “goal directed”)

Answer 36

TELEOLOGICAL ETHICS

Question 37

- ethical theories that focus primarily on consequences in determining moral rightness and wrongness.

Answer 37

TELEOLOGICAL ETHICS

Question 38

the most famous of these theories is utilitarianism, which requires us to do what is likeliest to have the best consequences.

Answer 38

Jeremy Bentham (1748–1832) and John Stuart Mill (1806–1873)

Question 39

“Actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness; wrong as they tend to produce the reverse of happiness.”

Answer 39

MILL’S WORDS

Question 40

Moral philosophers call such good character traits virtues and bad traits vices. Entire theories of morality have been developed from these notions and are called

Answer 40

VIRTUE THEORIES

Question 41

The classic proponent of virtue theory was __________ (384–322 BCE), who maintained that the development of virtuous character traits is needed to ensure that we habitually act rightly.

Answer 41

Aristotle

Question 42

Full moral description of any act will take motive into account as a relevant factor.

Answer 42

MOTIVE