M 1.1 Flashcards
__________ composed of cells that optimize the universal cell property of contractility
Muscle tissue
Movement is generated by interaction of the proteins _______ and ________
actin and myosin (contractile proteins)
_________ are an important component of certain secretory glands, where they function to expel secretions from glandular acini
Myoepithelial cells
____________ are smooth muscle-like cells that surround blood vessels
Pericytes
_______________ are cells that have a contractile role in addition to being able to secrete collagen. This type of cell is not readily seen in normal tissues but becomes essential following tissue damage during the process of healing and repair, leading to formation of a scar.
Myofibroblasts
Other forms of contractile cells function by forming multicellular contractile units termed __________
muscles
Three types of muscle cells:
Skeletal muscle, Cardiac muscle, Smooth muscle
This muscle contains bundles of very long, multinucleated cells with cross-striations. Their contraction is quick, forceful, and usually under voluntary control
Skeletal muscle
This muscle also has cross-striations and is composed of elongated, often branched cells attached to one another at structures called intercalated discs that are unique to cardiac muscle. Contraction is involuntary, vigorous, and rhythmic.
Cardiac muscle
This muscle consists of collections of fusiform cells that lack striations and have slow, involuntary contractions.
Smooth muscle
cytoplasm of muscle cells
sarcoplasm
surrounding cell membrane or plasmalemma of muscle
sarcolemma
smooth endoplasmic reticulum of muscle
sarcoplasmic reticulum
Muscle cells of all three types are surrounded by an ____________
external lamina
General Characteristics of Muscular Tissue
- Consists of elongated muscle cells called muscle fibers or myocytes
- Surrounded by connective tissue that conveys nerves, blood vessels and lymphatics throughout the muscle
- Specialized for contraction by the sliding interaction of myosin filaments along actin filaments (a process known as the sliding filament mechanism)
Functions of Muscular Tissue
- Producing body movements
- Stabilizing body positions
- Storing and moving substances within the body
- Generating heat
Storage is done by sustained contractions of ring like bands of smooth muscle called __________
sphincters
____________ is the process of producing heat. Muscular tissues produce heat during contraction
Thermogenesis
_____________ is the involuntary contractions of skeletal muscle, which can increase the rate of heat production.
Shivering
