M 1 Flashcards
Entrepreneurship
the creation of new ventures, new products and new markets
Major concern of design cognition
to understand how designers select and deploy design strategies to navigate through uncertainty
firm adaptation parts
1.innovation
2.venturing
3. strategic renewal
The main characteristic of an entrepreneur
experience
(optimally entrepreneurs have been employed for already 10-12 years before starting a business
the definition of creativity in an entrepreneurial setting
Creativity= Novelty + Usefulness
What is suggested by Metacognition
by becoming aware of how we react we can instead use to decide to act differently
what drives metacognitive “switch” mechanism
fluctuating feelings of uncertainty
4Ps of Creative Model
Person
Process
Product
Press
metacognition
higher cognitive process responsible for development and selection for cognitive strategies
error of a third kind
solving the wrong problem by adopting a formulation that is either too narrow or inappropriate
breadth-first strategy
reduced to several sub-problems tackled a full time at a time
depth-first strategy
taking one top-level sub-problem and developing in in detail
problem-solution-co-evolution
the interplay between the problem formulation and solution conjecture while each informing the other
Problem formulation
spend time on reflecting what the problem is
Design strategies underlying metacognition
mental simulation
analogical reasoning
depth-first search
Mental simulation involves qualitative/quantitively reasoning
qualitive
Deductive logic
going from general premises to specific conclusion using theories
Inductive logic
Emerges over time as a result of a company’s experimentation with its internal capabilities and the external environment
In order an idea to be creative she needs to be
appropriate, useful and actionable
Conjecture
allow designers to clarify their understanding of the problem
Abductive reasononing
inference to the best explanation
- the goal is to provide a suitable conjecture to account for available data
What is the relationship between creative design and abductive reasoning
fundamentally involves generating an effective solution conjecture to meet requirements and constraints
creative ideation
arises in a form of a bridge between problem and solution space
mental simulation
a design strategy that is critical for evaluating the viability of emerging creative ideas
implication underlying metacognition
constantly fluctuating feelings of uncertainty
entrepreneurial mindset
- the ability to be adaptive, flexible and self-regulating in one’s cognitive-strategy application given the dynamic and uncertain task environment
The main characteristic of an entrepreneur
experience
(optimally entrepreneurs have been employed for already 10-12 years before starting a business
System 1 in mind
subconscious thought
System 2 in mind
associated with choice and deliberate action
problem formulation stage
-individuals must spend some time reflecting on what the problem is
-reflect on the initial assumption
Reason why is critical understanding the problem formulation space
to avoid error of a third kind
Solution Generation Stage
non-linear, iterative process
5 Cognitive acts that underpin the development of new options
(MAFIA)
- Mental simulation
- Analogical reasoning
- Framing
- Imitation
- Abductive reasoning
conjecture-based problem formulation
speculative solution ideas are helpful when formulating design problems, such ideas serve as conjectures
Imitation
intentional replication of another company strategy
divergent thinking is associated with creative/critical thinking
creative
convergent thinking is associated with creative/critical thinking
critical
