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HISTOPATH LEC STAINING > LYSOCHROMES, ADHESIVES, MOUNTING,RINGING > Flashcards

LYSOCHROMES, ADHESIVES, MOUNTING,RINGING Flashcards

1
Q

Oil soluble dyes

A

Lysochromes

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2
Q

greatest affinity for phospholipids or neutral fats (triglycerides)

A

Sudan Black B (SBB)

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3
Q

A more sensitive coloring agent than other lysochromes; should be discarded if the brownish color appeared

A

Sudan Black B (SBB)

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4
Q

Demonstrates lipids that are resistant to paraffin embedding

A

Sudan Black B (SBB)

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5
Q

Recommended for neutral fats (triglycerides) ; do not color phospholipids and fine lipid droplets

A

Sudan IV or Sharlach R

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6
Q

First Sudan Dye introduced in histochemistry; Fat soluble; a good stain for the CNS

A

Sudan III

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7
Q

Used in order to promote adhesion of selections to slides

A

Adhesives

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8
Q

Commonly used adhesives:

A
  1. Mayer’s Egg Albumin
  2. Dried Albumin
  3. 1% Gelatin
  4. Gelatin
  5. Starch paste
  6. Plasma
  7. Poly-L-Lysine
  8. 3-APES (3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane)
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9
Q

This adhesive is most commonly used because it is very easy to make and relatively inexpensive

A

Mayer’s Egg Albumin

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10
Q

Mayer’s Egg Albumin formula

A

Egg white (50 mL)
Glycerin (50mL)
Thymol crystals (100mL)

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11
Q

Dried Albumin formula

A

Dried albumin (5g)
Sodium chloride (5g)
Distilled water (100mL)
Thymol crystals

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12
Q

1% Gelatin formula

A

Gelatin (1g)
Distilled water (100mL)
Glycerol (15mL)
Phenol crystals (2g)

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13
Q

Gelatin formula

A

1% Gelatin (5mL)
2% Formaldehyde (5mL)

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14
Q

Starch paste formula

A

Powdered starch (1g)
Distilled water (30mL= 10mL cold, 20mL boiling)
Hydrochloric acid (2 drops)
Thymol crystals

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15
Q

Readily available from outdated blood stored in blood banks, dispensed into sterile tubes of 0.5mL each

A

Plasma

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16
Q

Used as a section adhesive in immunohistochemistry

A

Poly-L-Lysine

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17
Q

Very useful in cytology particularly for cytospin preparations of proteinaceous or bloody material

A

3-APES

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18
Q

A syrupy fluid applied between the section and the coverslip after staining setting the section firmly, preventing the movement of the coverslip

A

Mounting medium or mountant

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19
Q

Necessary to protect the stained section from physical injury and from bleaching or deterioration of the stain as a result of oxidation

A

Mountant

20
Q

Two groups of Mounting Media

A
  1. Aqueous / Water soluble mountants
  2. Resinous Mountants
21
Q

Designed to mount water-miscible preparations directly from water in cases where the stain is removed or decolorized with alcohol or xylene

A

Aqueous/ Water soluble mountants

22
Q

Low refractive index; good only for temporary mounting

A

Water

23
Q

used as a preservative; has a high index of refraction

A

Glycerin (RI: 1.47)

24
Q

Does not solidify upon storage

A

Farrant’s medium (Gum syrup) (RI: 1.43)

25
Q

Used for methylene blue-stained nerve preparations and as general purpose aqueous mountant

A

Apathy’s medium

26
Q

Recommended for mounting frozen sections from water or paraffin sections which require dehydration and clearing

A

Brun’s fluid

27
Q

Used for preparations that have been dehydrated and cleared in xylene or toluene and are recommended for majority of staining methods.

A

Resinous Mountants

28
Q

Canada Balsam is a natural resin extracted from the ______ tree

A

Canadian Tree (Abus balsamea)

29
Q

Recommended for whole mounts and for thick sections because it does not shrink much

A

Canada Balsam

30
Q

Miscible with xylene and is quite expensive

A

Canada Balsam (RI: 1.524)

31
Q

Recommended for small tissue sections

A

DPX (RI: 1.532)

32
Q

Synthetic resin mixture in xylene in pale yellow or colorless solution

A

XAM (RI: 1.52)

33
Q

Synthetic resin which is soluble in xylene (usually diluted to 60% with xylene)

A

Clarite (RI: 1.544)

34
Q

Two Mounting media most commonly used today

A
  1. Eukitt
  2. Entellan
35
Q

A process of sealing the margins of the coverslip to prevent escape of fluid or semi-fluid mounts and evaporation of mountant, to immobilize the coverslip and to prevent sticking of slides upon storage

A

Ringing

36
Q

Kronig Cement is made up of

A

2 parts paraffin wax mixed with 4-9 parts powdered colophonium resin, heated and filtered

37
Q

Enables one to see and study the architectural pattern of the tissue and physical characteristics and structural relationships of tissues and their cells

A

Staining/Dyeing

38
Q

Alkaline structures (cytoplasm) are stained by ______

A

Acidic stains (Eosin; cytoplasm is stained RED)

39
Q

Acidic structures (nucleus) are stained by __________

A

Alkaline/basic stains (Hematoxylin; nucleus is stained BLUE)

40
Q

Classification of Staining

A
  1. Histological Staining
  2. Histochemical Staining (Histochemistry)
  3. Immunohistochemical Staining (Immunohistochemistry)
41
Q

Used to demonstrate the general relationship of tissues and cells with differentiation of nucleus and cytoplasm

A

Histological Staining

42
Q

Examples of Histological Staining

A
  1. Microanatomic stains
  2. Bacterial stains
  3. Specific tissue stains (muscles, connective tissue, neurologic stains)
43
Q

The process whereby various constituents of tissues are studied thru chemical reactions that will permit microscopic localization of a specific substance

A

Histochemical staining (Histochemistry)

44
Q

Examples of Histochemical staining

A
  1. Perl’s Prussian Blue (hemoglobin); demonstrates ferric iron in tissues
  2. Periodic Acid Schiff (Carbohydrates)
45
Q

A combination of immunologic and histochemical techniques that allow phenotypic markers to be detected and demonstrated under the microscope, using a wide range of monoclonal, fluorescent-labeled or enzyme-labeled antibodies

A

Immunohistochemical staining (Immunohistochemistry)

HISTOPATH LEC STAINING (3 decks)

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