Lymphomas - Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Flashcards
How are Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphomas broadly classified in terms of origin?
What proportion of NHL are B-cell origin?
80%
What percentage of NHL are T-Cell origin?
20%
What is the commonest B-cell lymphoma?
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
What are causes of NHL
- Immunodeficiency - Drugs, HIV
- Toxins
- Congenital
- H. pylori
Investigations non hodgkin lymphoma
raised LDH, paraproteinaemia, AIHA
What is Burkitt’s lymphoma assocaited with?
EBV (+HIV)
How are NHL classified based on grade?
High (diffuse large B cell, looks like a sheet of lymphoma) and low grade (follicular, looks like a ball of lymphoma)
In terms of how aggressive a malginancy is, how aggressive is a neoplasm of non-dividing mature lymphocytes?
Indolent
What is the second commonest NHL?
Follicular lymphoma
In terms of how aggressive a malginancy is, how aggressive is a neoplasm of proliferating lymphoblasts?
Aggressive
How does Follicular lymphoma tend to present?
- Painless lymphadenopathy - more than one site
- Some have B-symptoms
What are adverse prognostic factors in NHL?
- Age >60 years
- Stage III or IV, i.e. advanced disease
- High serum LDH
- Performance status (ECOG 2 or more)
- More than one extranodal site involved
What is follicular lymphoma classed as in terms of grading?
Low-grade
What are features of diffuse B-cell lymphoma?
- Painless lymphadenopathy - one or several sites.
- Bowel symptoms - due to compression or infiltration of the gastrointestinal tract.
- May be ‘B symptoms’
How does burkitts lymphoma commonly present?
- Rapidly growing jaw tumour
- Abdominal mass - associated with bone marrow involvement.
- Other common sites are the central nervous system, the kidney and the testis.
What is the more common presentation of Burkitt’s lymphoma that is associated with EBV (in africa)?
Jaw lymphadenopathy
