Lymphocytes and Lymphoid Structures

Question 1

HLA-A3 Associated with

Answer 1

Hemochromatosis

Question 2

HLA-B27 Associated with (PAIR)

Answer 2

• Psoriasis
• Ankylosing Spondylitis
• Inflamatory Bowel Disease
• Reiter’s Syndrome

Question 3

HLA-DQ2/DQ8 Associated with

Answer 3

Celiac Disease

Question 4

HLA-DR2 Associated with

Answer 4

Multiple Sclerosis, Hay Fever, SLE, Goodpasture’s

Question 5

HLA-DR3 Associated with

Answer 5

Diabetes Mellitus Type 1, Graves’ Disease

Question 6

HLA-DR4 Associated with

Answer 6

Rheumatoid Arthritis, Diabetes Mellitus Type 1

Question 7

HLA-DR5 Associated with

Answer 7

Pernicious Anemia –> B12 Deficiency, Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis

Question 8

What enhances the activity of Natural Killer Cells?

Answer 8

IL-2, IL-12, IFN-Beta, and IFN-Alpha

Question 9

What are the costimulatory signals for Naive T cell activation?

Answer 9

Interaction of B7 and CD28.

Question 10

What are the costimulatory signals for Helper T cell activation?

Answer 10

CD40 Ligand (Th cell) and CD40 Receptor (B cell)

Question 11

What does Th1 cells secrete and what does it activate?

Answer 11

• IFN-gamma and activates Macrophages

Question 12

What does Th2 cells secrete and what do they activate?

Answer 12

• IL4, IL5, IL10, and IL-13

- Recruit Eosinophils for parasite defense and promotes IgE production by B cells.

Question 13

Th1 cells are inhibited by

Answer 13

IL4 and IL10 from Th2 cells.

Question 14

Th2 cells are inhibited by

Answer 14

IFN-gamma from Th1 cells.

Question 15

What do Regulatory T cells express?

Answer 15

CD3, CD4, and CD25

Question 16

What 3 things do Antibodies do?

Answer 16

1. Promote Phagocytosis (Opsonization)
2. Prevent bacterial adherence (Neutralization)
3. Activates complement, enhancing opsonization and lysis (Complement Activation)

Question 17

What is special about the Fc fraction of the antibody? (C’s)

Answer 17

• It is Constant
• It is the Carboxy Terminal
• Complement binding at CH2 (IgG + IgM)
• Carbohydrate Side Chains
• Also determines isotype (IgM, IgD, etc)

Question 18

Definition of Avidity and Which Antibody has the highest?

Answer 18

• Avidity refers to the number of binding sites an antibody has.
• IgM > IgA > IgE, IgG

Question 19

Definition of Affinity and Which Antibody has the highest?

Answer 19

• Affinity refers to the strength of binding an antibody has.
• IgG > IgM

Question 20

Main Antibody in secondary (delayed) antigen response

Answer 20

IgG

Question 21

Fixes Complement, Crosses Placenta, Gives Passive Immunity to Infants, Opsonizes/Neutralizes Bacterial Toxins and Viruses

Answer 21

IgG

Question 22

Prevents Attachment of bacteria and viruses to mucous membranes and does NOT fix complement

Answer 22

IgA

Question 23

Found in secretions (tears, saliva, mucus) and early breast milk (colostrum)

Answer 23

IgA

Question 24

Monomer in circulation and dimer in secretions, crosses epithelial cells by transcytosis

Answer 24

IgA

Question 25

Produced in the primary (immediate) response to antigen

Answer 25

IgM

Question 26

Fixes complement but does NOT cross the placenta

Answer 26

IgM

Question 27

Found on the surface of B cells as a monomer or in circulation as a pentamer

Answer 27

IgM

Question 28

Binds mast cells and basophils; cross-links when exposed to allergen and mediates immediate, type I, hypersensitivity

Answer 28

IgE