lymphocytes

Question 1

what are the components of the innate immune system?

Answer 1

neutrophils, macrophages, monocytes, dendritic cells, NK cells, complement

Question 2

what are the components of the adaptive immune system?

Answer 2

T cells
B cells
antibodies

Question 3

what proteins are secreted by the innate immune system?

Answer 3

lysozyme
complement
CRP
defensins

Question 4

what are PAMPs?

Answer 4

pathogen-assoc molecular patterns

e.g. LPS, flagellin, ssRNA

Question 5

what kinds of molecules can MHC (I or II) present?

Answer 5

peptides only!

Question 6

what are the MHC I gene loci?

Answer 6

HLA A, B, C

Question 7

what are the MHC II gene loci?

Answer 7

HLA DP, DQ, DR

Question 8

endogenous antigen, loaded onto MHC in RER by TAP?

Answer 8

MHC I

Question 9

exogenous antigen, loaded onto MHC in endosome after invariant chain release?

Answer 9

MHC II

Question 10

HLA A3?

Answer 10

hemochromatosis

Question 11

HLA B27?

Answer 11

seronegative arthropathies

Question 12

HLA DQ2/DQ8?

Answer 12

celiac disease

Question 13

HLA DR2?

Answer 13

MS
hay fever
SLE
Goodpasture

Question 14

HLA DR3?

Answer 14

DM1
SLE
Graves
Hashimoto

Question 15

HLA DR4?

Answer 15

RA

DM1

Question 16

HLA DR5?

Answer 16

pernicious anemia

Hashimoto

Question 17

NK cell enzymes?

Answer 17

perforin

granzymes

Question 18

cytokines that enhance NK cell activity?

Answer 18

IL2
IL12
IFN-a
IFN-B

Question 19

which cytokine causes TH –> TH1?

Answer 19

IL 12

IFN-g

Question 20

which cytokine causes TH –> TH2?

Answer 20

IL 4

Question 21

which cytokine causes TH –> TH17?

Answer 21

TGF-beta, IL 6

Question 22

where does positive selection of T cells happen?

Answer 22

thymic cortex

Question 23

where does negative selection of T cells happen?

Answer 23

thymic medulla

Question 24

what cytokine do TH1 cells make, and what are its functions?

Answer 24

IFN-g
activates macrophages and cytotoxic T cells
inhibit TH2

Question 25

what cytokines do TH2 cells make, and what do they do?

Answer 25

IL4
IL5
IL10
IL13
recruit eos, promote IgE production
inhibit TH1

Question 26

what’s in the cytotoxic granules released by cytotoxic T cells?

Answer 26

preformed proteins

e.g. perforin, granzyme B

Question 27

what markers identify regulatory T cells?

Answer 27

CD3
CD4
CD25
FOXP3

Question 28

what cytokines do regulatory T cells make?

Answer 28

IL 10

TGF-beta

Question 29

what is the “signal 2” for APC/Tcell interaction/activation?

Answer 29

B7 on APC, CD28 on T cell

Question 30

what is the “signal 2” for Tcell/Bcell interaction/activation?

Answer 30

CD40 on B cell, CD40L on T cell

Question 31

which parts of Ig does heavy chain contribute to?

Answer 31

Fc and Fab

Question 32

which parts of Ig does light chain contribute to?

Answer 32

Fab

Question 33

what are the 4 Cs of the Fc component of Ig?

Answer 33

constant
carboxy terminal
complement binding
carbohydrate side chains

determines isotype (IgG vs IgM etc)

Question 34

which Igs cross the placenta?

Answer 34

IgG only

Question 35

which Igs fix complement?

Answer 35

IgG

IgM

Question 36

which Ig has the highest serum concentration?

Answer 36

IgG

Question 37

which Ig is the most produced antibody?

Answer 37

IgA

Question 38

where does IgA get its secretory component?

Answer 38

epithelial cells

Question 39

what are thymus independent antigens?

Answer 39

no peptide component - can’t be presented to T cells by MHC
weakly/nonimmunogenic
vaccines often need boosters/adjuvants