Lymphatic System & Immunity

Question 1

What does the Lymphatic system consist of?

Answer 1

Consisting of Fluid called “Lymph”, vessels called lymphatic vessels hat transport lymph.
There are also a number of structures & organs containing Lymphatic Tissue and Red Bone marrow.

Question 2

What does the Lymphatic system assist on doing?

Answer 2

It helps in assisting circulating body fluids and helps defend the body against disease-Causing agents.

Question 3

What is the difference between IF and Lymph?

Answer 3

The major difference between them is location.

IF is found between cells and Lymph is found within Lymphatic Vessels and Tish.

Question 4

What are the Functions of the Lymphatic System?

Answer 4

Drain excess IF, Transport dietary Lipids, Carries out immune responses.

Question 5

How does the Lymphatic system “Drain Excess IF”?

Answer 5

Lymphatic vessels drain excess IF from tissue spaces and it to the blood.

Question 6

How does the Lymphatic system “Transport dietary Lipids”?

Answer 6

LV’s transport lipids and lipid-soluble vitamins absorbed through by the Gi tract.

Question 7

How does the Lymphatic System “Carry out immune responses”?

Answer 7

Lymphatic Tish initiates highly specific responses directed against particular microbes or abnormal cells.

Question 8

Where are Lymphatic Capillaries located?

Answer 8

Located in the space between cells closed at one end.
They converge to unite to form larger Lymphatic vessels (That resemble small veins, but have thinner walls and more valves).

Question 9

Where in the skin do Lymph Vessels lay?

Answer 9

They are found in the subQ layer Tish and generally follow the same route as Veins.

Question 10

Lymphatic Vessels of the Viscera follow what?

Answer 10

They generally follow Arteries forming Plexuses (Networks) around them.

Question 11

What do Lymphatic Capillaries consist of?

Answer 11

The have greater permeability then blood capillaries, thus they can absorb large molecules such as Proteins and lipids.

Question 12

When pressure is greater in the IF than in Lymph what happens?

Answer 12

The cells separate slightly, and IF enters the Lymph capillaries.

Question 13

What happens when pressure is greater inside the Lymph Capillaries?

Answer 13

The cells adhere more closely, and Lymph cannot escape back into the IF.

Question 14

What is a Lymph Trunk?

Answer 14

As Lymph vessels exit lymph nodes in particular region of the body they unite to form “Lymph Trunks”.

Question 15

What are the Types of Lymph Trunks?

Answer 15

Principle trunks are the Lumbar, intestinal, Bronchomediastinal, subclavian and jugular trunks.

Question 16

What does the Lumbar Trunk consist of?

Answer 16

Drains lymph from lower limbs, wall and viscera of the pelvis, kidneys and adrenal gland & Abdominal wall.

Question 17

What does the Intestinal Trunk consist of?

Answer 17

Drains Lymph from the Stomach, intestines, pancreas, spleen and apart of the liver.

Question 18

What does the Bronchomediastinal trunk consist of?

Answer 18

Drains lymph from the Thoracic wall lungs and heart.

Question 19

What does the Subclavian trunk drain?

Answer 19

Drains the upper limbs.

Question 20

What does the Jugular trunk Drain?

Answer 20

Drains the head and Neck.

Question 21

Lymph passes from Lymph trunks into main channels, what are these channels?

Answer 21

Thoracic Duct and the Right lymphatic Duct.

Question 22

What does the (Left) Thoracic Duct begin as?

Answer 22

Begins as a Dilation called “Cisterna Chyle”.

Question 23

What is the “Cisterna Chyle”?

Answer 23

It is the Main duct for return of Lymph to blood.

Drains lymph into venous blood at the junction on the left internal jugular and left subclavian Veins.

Question 24

What does the Right lymphatic Duct consist of?

Answer 24

Right lymph duct receives lymph from the right jugular , right subclavian and Right Bronchomediastinal trunks.
Thus receiving lymph from the upper right side of the body.

Question 25

Where does the Right Lymphatic duct drain?

Answer 25

From this duct the lymph drains into venous blood at the junction of the right internal jugular & Right subclavian veins.

Question 26

How is Lymph formed?

Answer 26

More fluid filters out of blood capillaries than returns to them by reabsorption.
The excess filtered fluid drains into lymphatic vessels becoming Lymph.

Question 27

What is an important function of LV’s relating to proteins?

Answer 27

An important function of LV’s is to return the lost plasma proteins and plasma to the blood stream.

Question 28

What is the flow of Lymph?

Answer 28

Blood Capillaries (blood), Interstitial Space (IF), Lymph Capillaries (Lymph), Lymphatic Vessels (Lymph), Lymphatic Ducts (Lymph), Junction of internal jugular and subclavian veins (Blood).

Question 29

The same 2 pumps that aid in the return of venous blood to the Heart also do what?

Answer 29

The maintain the flow go Lymph.

Question 30

What are the 2 pumps that aid in return of venous blood to the heart?

Answer 30

Skeletal mm pump & Respiratory Pump.

Question 31

How does the Skeletal mm pump work in relation to the Lymphatic System?

Answer 31

A milking action of Sk mm contractions compress Lymphatic Vessels and forces lymph toward the junction internal jugular and subclavian veins.

Question 32

How does the Respiratory Pump wrk in relation to the Lymphatic System?

Answer 32

Lymph flow is also maintained by pressure changes that occur during inhalation.
Lymph flows from abdominal region where pressure is higher, toward thoracic region where it is lower.
When pressure reverses during exhalation, the LV’s valves prevent back-flow.