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VAna 101 Doc Je an > Lymphatic System > Flashcards

Lymphatic System Flashcards

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1
Q
  • Consists of lymphatic tissues and vessels
A

Lymphatic System

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2
Q
  • This system returns protein-rich fluid to the blood circulation that escapes from the blood capillaries into tissue spaces
A

Lymphatic System

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3
Q

not present in the brain, spinal cord or bone marrow

A

Lymph Vessels

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4
Q

blind-ended tubes located throughout the body

A

Lymph Capillaries

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5
Q

More permeable than blood capillaries, they “pick up” the excess interstitial fluid,

A

lymph

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6
Q

the larger vessels formed by the convergence of lymph capillaries

A
  • Lymphatic vessels
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7
Q

the ovoid or bean-shaped, encapsulated structures located along the course of the medium-sized lymphatic vessels

A
  • Lymph nodes
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8
Q

o function as filters and germinal centers for lymphocytes
o picks up lymphocytes and is subjected to macrophages as it passes through the node
o Each node has a capsule of fibrous connective tissue
o Trabeculae extend from the capsule into the lymph node
o The outer cortex and inner medulla make up the parenchyma of the node

A
  • Lymph nodes
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9
Q
  • located in the lymph nodes, they differentiate into lymphocytes and/or plasma cells
A
  • Primitive cells
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10
Q
  • the phagocytic cells lining the walls of the sinuses
A

Macrophages

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11
Q
  • Group of lymph nodes draining the same region of the body in all species
A

Lymphocenters

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12
Q

is where the ducts or trunks empty into the large veins in the thoracic inlet

A

venous angle

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13
Q
  • represents the parotid lymphocenter
A

Parotid Lymph Node

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14
Q

o located under the cranial edge of the parotid gland
o It drains the dorsal part of the head, including the orbit and parotid gland, then the lymph continues to the retropharyngeal nodes
o It is palpable in the dog and ox

A

Parotid Lymph Node

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15
Q

represents the mandibular lymphocenter and consists of nodes located ventral to the angle of the jaw

A
  • Mandibular lymph node
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16
Q

drain that part of the head not drained by the parotid gland to the medial retropharyngeal node
o Present in all species, they are palpable in the dog, ox and horse

A
  • Mandibular lymph node
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17
Q

drains the deeper structures of the head and neck, including the pharynx and larynx

A
  • Retropharyngeal lymphocenter
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18
Q

o Also receive lymph coming from the parotid and mandibular lymph nodes

A

Retropharyngeal lymphocenter

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19
Q

-the largest lymph node of the head and neck, present in all species
- Lies between the larynx and the wing of the atlas and is not normally palpable

A

o Medial retropharyngeal lymph node

20
Q

Lymph node usually absent in dog and palpable in the ox

A

o Lateral retropharyngeal lymph node

21
Q

represent the superficial cervical lymphocenter

A
  • Superficial cervical lymph nodes
22
Q

o Drain the superficial neck and dorsal thorax along with the proximal part of the forelimb
o Located in front of the shoulder joint under the superficial neck muscles
o Present in all species and palpable in dog, ox and horse

A
  • Superficial cervical lymph nodes
23
Q

the chain of deep lymph nodes (cranial, middle and caudal) along the length of the trachea

A
  • Deep cervical lymph nodes
24
Q

o Drains the deep and ventral structures of the neck into the thoracic duct on the leftside or into the lymphatic duct on the right

A

Deep cervical lymph nodes

25
Q

o Traveling along the trachea, draining the lymph nodes of the head and neck
o Empty into the thoracic duct on the left side, the right lymphatic duct, or the vessels of the thoracic duct

A
  • Right and Left Tracheal (Jugular) Trunks
26
Q

the thoracic lymphocenters can be divided into

A

Parietal and Visceral

27
Q

dorsal and ventral thoracic lymphocenters represented by the intercostal and sternal lymph nodes

A

Parietal

28
Q

mediastinal and bronchial lymphocenters

A

Visceral

29
Q

consist of the cranial mediastinal lymph nodes in all species
o Carnivores lack the caudal mediastinal lymph nodes that are huge in ruminants

A
  • Mediastinal lymphocenters
30
Q

consists of nodes located around the tracheal bifurcation

A
  • Bronchial lymphocenters
31
Q

o Located in the axilla, it drains the forelimb and the thoracic wall, including the first three pairs of mammary glands in the dog
o constantly present in all species and palpable in dog

A
  • Axillary lymph node
32
Q

lymph node that is present in the cat and inconstant in the dog and ox

A

accessory axillary lymph node

33
Q

consist of lumbar lymph nodes located along the abdominal aorta

A
  • Lumbar lymphocenters -
34
Q

o Drains the kidney, loins, adrenal glands, and abdominal portion of the urogenital system, including testes, into the lumbar trunks or cisterna chyli

A
  • Lumbar lymphocenters
35
Q

o Carnivores lack renal lymph nodes

A

Yes

36
Q

a lymphatic structure found at the caudal end of the thoracic duct that receives lymph draining from the abdominal and pelvic viscera and lower limbs

A

Cisterna chyli

37
Q
  • The major lymphatic vessel drawing the entire body, except the right thoracic limb, right cranial thorax, and the right side of the neck
A

Thoracic duct

38
Q

o Begins at the cisterna chyli, passes through the aortic hiatus cranially on the right side between the azygous vein and the aorta
o Passing to the left side of the thorax in the cranial mediastinum
o Empties near the thoracic inlet (venous angle) into the jugular vein or the caudal vena cava

A

Thoracic duct

39
Q

masses of unencapsulated lymphoid tissue below mucous membranes (pharyngeal, palatine, and lingual)

A

Tonsils

40
Q
  • diffuse accumulation of lymphatic tissue in the wall of the ileum
A

Peyer’s patches

41
Q
  • The largest lymphoid organ in the body
  • Flat, elongated structure interposed in the blood stream located next to the left abdominal wall
  • In the fetus, it produces red blood cells
  • In the adult, it stores red blood cells that can be squeezed back into circulation when needed
  • Produces lymphocytes, stores iron, and destroys worn out red blood cells
A

Spleen

42
Q
  • the area where vessels and nerves enter the spleen
  • A long groove in the carnivores, horse and pig and a small indentation in ruminants
A

Hilus

43
Q

consist of splenic, gastric, hepatic and pancreaticoduodenal lymph nodes that drain associated structures to the cisterna chyli

A

Celiac lymphocenters

44
Q

consist of jejunal, cecal, and colic lymph nodes
o Located near these organs and drain into the cisterna chyli

A
  • Cranial mesenteric lymphocenters
45
Q

large node located in the root of the mesentery of the dog

A

Cranial mesenteric lymph nodes

VAna 101 Doc Je an (4 decks)

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