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Unit 3 > Lymphatic system > Flashcards

Lymphatic system Flashcards

1
Q

What does the lymphatic system consist of (4)

A

Lymph- fluid
lymphatic vessels
Lymphatic tissue
Red bone marrow

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2
Q

the following is NOT a function of the lymphatic system
a) Remove interstitial fluid
b) Transport fats from the digestive system
c) Transport white blood cells around the body
d)Transport glucose from the digestive system

A

d

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3
Q

the formation of lymphatic system work with what system

A

cardiovascular system

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4
Q

Name the 4 pressures in the lymphatic system

A

Hydrostatic pressure
Interstitial pressure
Colloidial osmotic pressure
Interstitial osmotic pressure

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5
Q

What type of pressure is this
Pressure created by small number of plasma proteins that have leaked into the extracellular tissue space

A

Interstitial osmotic pressure

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6
Q

What does the lymphatic system includes (4)

A

Network of vessels
Ducts
Nodes
Organ and tissue that support the circulation system

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7
Q

Why does lymphatic capillaries have blind ended ( round end).

A

So it provides a one way movement of fluid when inside the vessel

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8
Q

How is fluid enter the lymphatic capillaries

A

mini valve open allow fluid in and stops fluid going back out

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9
Q

When fluid enters the lymphatic capillaries what is the fluid called

A

Lymph

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10
Q

What does lymphatic capillaries join to make

A

Lymph vessels

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11
Q

What is the cistern chiyli
a)where the vessels collect lymph in the vessels near intestines to collect to the system

b) where vessels drain into the system located near the intestines because for absorption of fats, lipids, vitamins

A

b

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12
Q

What is the lymph capillaries called in the small intestines
a) lyazomes
b)lacteals
C) lymph

A

b

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13
Q

What does lymph capillaries in the small intestine carry

A

fat laden lymph called chyle

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14
Q

lacteal that join to form vessels drain to where

A

cisterna Chyli

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15
Q

What is oedema
a) Heat caused by an increase blood flow in the vessel
b) Increase size of the node
c)swelling produced by an increase in interstitial fluid volume

A

c

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16
Q

What is the function of lymph nodes

A

Filter lymph

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17
Q

What is the function of tonsils

A

filter air

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18
Q

What is the function of the thymus

A

produce thymic factors
it helps in setting up immune system and the formation of t lymphocytes

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19
Q

What is the function of the spleen

A

Filters blood

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20
Q

What is Peyers patches

A

type of lymph nodule

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21
Q

What does the right duct drain and return it to

A

upper right of the body and right arm
return lymph to the right subclavian vein

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22
Q

What does the left duct drain and return it to

A

upper left side of the body and lower body
return lymph to the left subclavian vessel

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23
Q

when is the immune system most active

A

at childhood as the thymus is at its largest

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24
Q

Pressure exerted by large molecules that help to pull and hold fluid (water) inside the vascular space is known as
a) interstitial fluid pressure
b) systolic blood pressure
c) Hydrostatic pressure
d) colloidal osmotic pressure

A

d

25
Q

Lymphatic capillaries intertwined with what

A

capillary bed of the blood vascular system

26
Q

why is the lymphatic vessels intertwine with the cardiovascular system

A

cardiovascular capillaries are under pressure blood is forced out of the blood vessels network and into outside space but this blood is needed for the body
So lymphatic vessels suck up interstitial fluid and take it back into the cardiovascular system in a later stage.

27
Q

what is hydrostatic pressure what does it cause

A

force exerted by a fluid between the arterial end (lots of pressure) and venous end (less pressure)

force the plasma inside blood vessels to cross the cell membrane and goes in-between tissue cells

28
Q

what is colloidal osmotic pressure

A

force caused by the difference in the amount of proteins that is present inside than outside draws fluid back in due to the large proteins that are to large to pass through the membrane. osmotic pressure goes from high to low concentration

29
Q

blood plasma that has been pushed out of the blood capilarries that located between tissue cells is called

A

interstitial fluid

30
Q

Name a blood protein that is too large to leave the capillary that creates this osmotic pressure

A

albumin

31
Q

What do the lymph capillaries do

A

collects the interstitial fluid

32
Q

What is the interstitial fluid known as when enter the lymphatic capillaries

A

lymph

33
Q

What are the important structure of the lymphatic capillaries

A

blind ended vessels to ensure the one main movement of the fluid when it gets inside the vessel.

mini valves that allow fluid inside but do not allow back flow of fluid

34
Q

What type of pressure does lymph have to interstitial fluid

A

Low pressure

35
Q

lymph capillaries join and form

A

lymph vessels get larger when you get closer to the heart

36
Q

four factors that influence oedema

A

increase capillary filtration pressure
decrease colloidal osmotic pressure
Increase capillary permeability
obstruction to lymph flow

37
Q

where are lymph nodes located

A

along lymph vessels

38
Q

What does lymph nodes do

A

filter lymph to look and see any pathogens and bacteria

39
Q

what does the afferent vessels in the lymph node do with the lymph

A

receive the lymph

40
Q

What does the efferent vessels in the lymph node do with the lymph

A

drain it

41
Q

what has more afferent lymphatic vessel or efferent lymph vessels

A

afferent vessels because they allow immune cells to look to see what shouldn’t be in there.

42
Q

What are the two specific immune cells

A

B cells
T cells

43
Q

What does trabecular do to the structure of lymph nodes

A

they project inwards from the capsule to form compartments that are made up of framework cells of reticular cells

44
Q

What do the reticular cells do

A

Phagocise unwanted substances

45
Q

What are between the reticular cells in the lymph node

A

lymphocytes that produce antibodies

46
Q

Where are Peyers patches located

A

in the gastrointestinal tract

47
Q

What is Peyers patch function

A

neutralise pathogens, bacteria that should not be located in the intestines

48
Q

what do lymph nodule not have that lymph nodes do have

A

capsule

49
Q

what is Peter patches lined with

A

mucosa associate lymphoid tissue

50
Q

Name the three types of tonsils

A

palatine
lingual
Pharyngeal

51
Q

What are tonsils

A

lymphoid tissue near the entrance of the digestive and respiratory tract

52
Q

what is the structure of thymus glands

A

located in the mediastinum above the heart
Surrounded by connective tissue capsule with inward projecting trabeculae

53
Q

what changes in the lymphatic system due to ageing

A

thymus decrease due to age involution

54
Q

what does the spleen comprised of

A

reticular cells
red pulp
white pulp

55
Q

What does white pulp do
a) carry out respiratory
functions and remove blood Bourne pathogens
b) carry out immune functions and remove blood borne pathogens
c)carry out respiratory function and increase blood Bourne pathogens

A

b

56
Q

What does red pulp remove

A

worn out platelets and red blood cells

57
Q

where is the spleen located

A

left side of the abdominal cavity below diaphragm

58
Q

What are the two region of the lymph node called

A

Cortex
capsule

59
Q

What does red pulp store

A

stores platelets

Unit 3 (4 decks)

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