immunity Flashcards

1
Q

Define immunity

A

the body to resist a particular infection or toxin by the action of a specific antibodies or sensitized white blood cells.

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2
Q

What does the body non specific respond to

A

Respond to a range of pathogens or foreign substances

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3
Q

What does the body adaptive respond to

A

respond to a particular pathogen or foreign substance

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4
Q

What is autoimmune disease

A

when the body natural defence can’t tell the difference between own cells and foreign cells.

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5
Q

What is a hypersensitivity reaction

A

immunological response occurs in response to an antigen or allergen

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6
Q

The ability of our immune cells to recognise and not attack our own body cells is known as
a) self tolerance
b) memory
c) immunocompetence
d) specificity

A

a

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7
Q

What is the first line of defence in non specific resistance include:
a) antimicrobial proteins and natural killers
b) Inflammation and fever
c) Skin secretion and mucous membrane
d) Humoral and cellular immunity

A

c

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8
Q

What is the second line of defence in non specific:
a) skin secretion
b) antimicrobial proteins and natural killers
c) Humoral and cellular immunity

A

b

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9
Q

Humoral immunity have two response what are they

A

active
Passive

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10
Q

How is active immunity naturally acquired

A

infection
contact with pathogen

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11
Q

How is active imunity artificially acquired

A

vaccine from dead or attenuated pathogens

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12
Q

How is passive immunity naturally acquired

A

antibodies pass from mother to foetus via placenta or infant in her milk

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13
Q

How is passive immunity artificially acquired

A

Injections of immune serum

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14
Q

What is a autoimmune response

A

When the body fails to to recognise self from non self the immune system will attack its own tissue.

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15
Q

example of an autoimmune disease

A

rheumatoid arthritis

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16
Q

Name the two types of immunity that’s is adaptive and what cells they use

A

humoral immunity- B cells
Cellular immunity - t cells

17
Q

what are immunocompetence

A

ability to be able to detect the difference between the different pathogens.

18
Q

where are lymphocytes developed

A

red bone marrow

19
Q

what happen when the B cells are stimulated by the antigen

A

they clone and become plasma cells that produce antibodies

20
Q

What are the antigens that causes allergies called

A

Allergens

21
Q

Do B cells and T cells responses produce memory cells.
TRUE or FALSE

A

TRUE

22
Q

The ability of a lymphocyte to recognise its one specific antigen by binding to it
a) self tolerance
b) memory
c) immunocompetence
d) specificity

A

c

23
Q

where are lymphocytes created

A

red bone marrow

24
Q

Three ways the adaptive immunity is characterised

A

specificity
immunological memory
self and non self recognition

25
Q

where does T cells develop immunocompetence

A

thymus

26
Q

Where does B cells develop immunocompetence

A

in red bone marrow

27
Q

When a B cell detect an antigen what happens to the B cell what is produced

A

B cells clone and produce plasma cell

28
Q

What does plasma cells produce

A

Antibodies

29
Q

What response is T cells involved in

A

Cell mediated

30
Q

What does memory cells do

A

the second response to much quicker

31
Q

What are the two type of T cells are there

A

Killer
Helper

32
Q

What T cell is this
Directly attack the invading antigen

A

Killer T cells

33
Q

What T cell is this
Help both antibody mediated and cell mediated responses

A

Helper T cells

34
Q

what is hypersensitivity

A

occurs when a person reacts to a substance normally tolerated by most other people