Lymphadenopathy Flashcards
Enlargement of lymph nodes
lympadenopathy in healthy children and young adults
Soft flat submandibular lymphadenopathy less than 1 cm
Healthy adults hav palpable inguinal nodes normal upto 2 cm
Rwveal setting in which lymphadenopathy occurs
Medical history
Clinical assessment
Medical history
Physical examination
Lab results
Biopsy
Why is physic examination of lymph node required?
To find extend of lymphadenopathy(local or generalised) Size of nodes Its texture Presence of nodal tenderness Signs of infalmmation Skun lesion Splenomegaly
Cervical adenopathy with tobacco use
Ent examinatiom
Involvement of single anatomic area
Localised or regional adenopathy
2 or more noncontiguous lymphnode areas
Generalised adenopathy
Generalise lymphadenopathy involving
Ebv,toxoplasmosis,hiv, cmv
Sle , mixed connective tisseue disorder
Acute and chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Malignant lymphoma
Occipital adenopathy
Scalp infection,
Preauricular adenopathy
Conjuctival infection
Cat scratch disease
Most frequent site of regional adenopathy
Neck……..
Benign mostly
Respitory infectionss oral or dental lesion.,IM
Cheif malignant cause
Metastatic cancer from head neck breast lung thyroid
Supraclavicualr Lymph nodes and scalene nodes is abnormal bcoz
These nodes drain regions of lungs and retroperitonal space.., may cause cancer lymphoma or infection
Virchows node
Enlarged left supraclavicular node infiltered with metastatic camcer from gastrointestinal primary
Supraclavicular nodez
Also may b metastates of ovary testis breast or lumg
Nonneoplastic cause of supraclavicular adenopathy
Tuberculosis
Toxoplasmosis
Sarcoidosis
Axillary adenopathy is
Ipsilateral upper extremity injury or infection
Malignant causes may b melanoma lymphoma or breast cancer in women
Inguinal lympahdenopathy
Secondary to infections or trauma of lower extremitt
May b std like
Lymphogranuloma venereum
Syphillis
Genital gerpes
Chancroid
These nodes may also involve metastates lymphomas from primary lesions of rectum genitalia or lower extremities
Nodes Less than 1 cm per square in area
Secondary to benign
nNon specific reactivee cause
Best size limit for distinguishing malignant or granulomatous lympahdenopathy from other lymphadenopathy is
2 25(1.5*1.5)
Textures of lymph nodes
Soft Firm Rubbery Hard Discrete Matted Tender Movable Fixed
Acute leukemia
Rapid enlargement and pain in nodes
Nodes involved in lymphoma
Large Discrete Symmetric Rubbery Firm Mobile Nontender
Nodes in metastates
Hard
Nontender
Nonmovable
Splenomegaly and lymphadenopathy
Systemuc infections or diseases like
Im Sle Lymphoma Leukemia Sarcoidosis Toxoplasmosis Catscratch or Rarely hematological disorder
Mediastinal adenopathy
Im an sarcoidosis
Unilateral Paratrachel lymph node
Histoplasmosis(mimic lymphoma
Unilateral adenopathy
Tb and histoplasmosis
ENlarged abdominal or retroperitonial nodes are
malignant
Mesenteric lymphadenitis
Tuberculosis
Lymphoma or
Germ cellntumor
hilar lymphadenopathy
is a bilateral enlargement of the lymph nodes of pulmonary hila.
Mediastinal lymph nodes
areglandsthat are located in the part of the chest that lies between the sternum and the spinal column.
Waldeyer’stonsillarring
is a ringed arrangement of lymphoid tissue in the pharynx
