Lymph

Question 1

When inspecting the skin, paleness suggests what? blue color? purple? red or rust

Answer 1

paleness- lack of arterial supply
blue- lack of oxygenation
purple- venous congestion
brown/rust- Hb pigmentation

Question 2

What is a thrill indicative of

Answer 2

turbulent flow through an artery consistent with partial obstruction

Question 3

What is the scale for aterial examination

Answer 3

0 unable to palpate
1 diminished
2 normal briskness
3 bounding

Question 4

what areas do you auscultate during an arterial examination

Answer 4

carotid, temporal, aorta, renal, iliac

Question 5

what is a bruit indicative of

Answer 5

turbulent flow through an artery consistent with partial obstruction

Question 6

What is a normal ankle brachial index, and when does it indicate severe peripheral artery disease

Answer 6

0.9-1.3 normal

less than 0.4 is severe

Question 7

When must you do an allens test

Answer 7

before taking an arterial blood gas

Question 8

when checking the return of color in an extremity how long should it take for the skin to return to pink colored

Answer 8

10 seconds

Question 9

What are common symptoms of arterial disease

Answer 9

pain coldness, numbness, hair loss, color change. no pulse

the 3 Ps: Pain, Pallor, Pulselessness

Question 10

If patient presents with sudden onset of extreme pain that is unilateral and not aggravated by movement what is most likely your physical findings and possible diagnosis

Answer 10

PE: extremity is pallid, cool and pulseless

thromboemobolus occlusion

Question 11

Intermitten claudication while walking that is relieved by rest is most likely

Answer 11

peripheral arterial disease

Question 12

what are signs of chronic PAD

Answer 12

red color on feet and some ischemic ulcers

Question 13

What is the venous valve competency exam

Answer 13

occlude great saphenous v and ask patient to stain and watch for normal slow venous filling, rapid filling indicates incompetent valves

Question 14

What is homans sign

Answer 14

bend leg slightly at knee and dorsiflex abruptly and if there is deep calf pain then is a + test

Question 15

What is virchows triad of DVT

Answer 15

stasis
hypercoagulability
endothelial injury

Question 16

What is superficial thrombophlebitis

Answer 16

DVT in smaller veins in leg- painful!

less swelling than DVT

Question 17

What causes varicose vv

Answer 17

valves in vv of lower extremities become incompetent, usually seen in the great saphenous vv

Question 18

what is a common cause of chronic venous insufficiency

Answer 18

higher venous pressure

Question 19

What are risk factors of chronic venous insufficiency

Answer 19

DVT
varicose vv
obesity
pregnancy
extended periods of standing or sitting
age over 50

Question 20

what are some common symptoms of chronic venous insufficiency

Answer 20

diffuse ach in legs
gradual onset over month
aggravated by prolonged standing

Question 21

what are common signs of chronic venous insufficiency

Answer 21

pitting edema, rust colored skin
thickened skin hair
moist ulcers

Question 22

what can cause lympedema

Answer 22

lymph channel obstruction or damage

Question 23

Where are lymph from lympadenopathy palpated in children? adults

Answer 23

children in the cervical region

adults in the inguinal region

Question 24

what are signs that lymphadenopathy is malignatn

Answer 24

greater than 1 cm
non tender
rock hard
fixed to area
difficult to palpate

Question 25

tender red streaks in the skin with enlarged lymph nodes with acute onset after skin injury is usually what

Answer 25

lymphangitis due to bacterial infection

Question 26

How do you grade pitting edemas

Answer 26

1 is 2mm
2 4mm
3 6mm
4 8mm

Question 27

What is erythema nodosum

Answer 27

inflammation of skin of the shins, gradual onset, recurrent and bilateral
joint pain and fever

Question 28

What is a common inflammtion of the skin and subcutaneous tissue that has an acute onset presenting with pain, redness and warmth
and in a specific area that is tender to palpation

Answer 28

cellulitis