lower ext and back Flashcards

1
Q

what are the components of the MSK exam

A

inspection, palpation, ROM, neurologic, special testing and osteopathic findings

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2
Q

how is the gait broken down into stance and swing

A

stance is 60% and swing is 40%

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3
Q

what thoracic spine level is the spine of the scapula a landmark for

A

T3

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4
Q

What thoracic spine level is the inferior angle of scapula a landmark for

A

T7

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5
Q

what lumbar spine level is the iliac crest a landmark for

A

L4

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6
Q
what are spinal nn are involved in the following Viscero-somatic reflexes
SI
Colon
Bladder
Ovaries/Testes
Uterus
Prostate
A
SI- T10-11
Colon- T12-L2
Bladder- T12-L2
Ovaries/testes- T10-11
Uterus T12-L2
Prostate T12- L2
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7
Q

Where is the most common area of injury or source of pain from lumbar spine

A

L5-S1

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8
Q

Pathology of the spine assoc with HLA B27 is most likely what

A

ankylosing spondylitis

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9
Q

What is known as the degenerative disc disease

A

osteoarthritis

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10
Q

what is the disease classified by thinning of the bone

A

osteoporosis

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11
Q

how do you test for osteoporosis

A

dexa scan

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12
Q

what is varus valgus of leg/hip

A

moving lower leg medially so varus will cause external rotation of hip
moving lower leg laterally so valgus will cause internal rotation of the hip

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13
Q

how do you inspect the inguinal lig

A

patient supine and place heel on opp knee then palpate ASIS

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14
Q

Where is true hip pain

A

deep inguinal not lateral

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15
Q

What is the trendelenbrug gait

A

when gluteus medius has lost its function

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16
Q

what is the ober test

A

IT band

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17
Q

what is the thomas test

A

poor flexion contractures due to tight iliopsoas

18
Q

what is a buldge sing, balloon? and ballotting

A

buldge- minor effusion
balloon- large effusion
ballotting- large effusion

19
Q

dome swelling over patella with tenderness is indicative of what

A

prepatellar bursitis

20
Q

tenderness with active ROM compared to tenderness with active and passive ROM is what?

A

with active is tendonitis

with bursits is with equal active and passive

21
Q

what is a cyst in the knee

A

bakers cyst in popliteal fossa

22
Q

what is the patellofemoral grind test

A

compress patella against femur and have patient contract quad and assess for roughness of motion

23
Q

what is the apprehension test of the knee

A

tests for dislocation or subluxation of patella, attempt to move patella laterally and observe patients face

24
Q

how do you test ACL

A

anterior draw test

25
Q

what is the lachman test

A

knee flexed at 15 degrees and externally rotated move in opp directions

26
Q

how do you check for PCL tear

A

posterior drawer test

27
Q

What is the apley compression test

A

patient prone with knee flexed 90

add compression and rotate heel to see if pain reproduced

28
Q

How do you test the medial collateral ligament

A

valgus stress test which involves pushing knee medially and ankle laterally

29
Q

How do you test the lateral collateral ligament

A

varus stress test which involves pushing knee laterally and ankle medially

30
Q

What is the test to evaluate for DVT

A

Homan’s sign

31
Q

How do you determine achilles rupture within 48 hours

A

thompson test by patient pron and leg bent at 90, squeeze calf and check for normal plantar flexion

32
Q

What are the most common ankle sprains

A

Anterior talofibular and calcaneofibular

33
Q

dorsiflexion and plantar flexion are around what joint

A

tibiotalar

34
Q

inversion and eversiona re around what joint

A

talocalcaneal and subtalar

35
Q

How are sprains ranked

A

first, second and third degree sprains

third is a full tear

36
Q

What is the ottowa rule for suspicion of fracture

A

inability to bear weight after 4 steps or tenderness over posterior aspect of either malleolus

37
Q

What is the difference of kleiger’s test and kleiger test

A

keliger’s test for syndesmosis

kleiger test is for deltoid

38
Q

loss of longitudinal arch of foot is called what

A

pes planus

39
Q

painful thickening of the skin from abnormal pressure on the toes is called what

A

corns

40
Q

what are hammertoes

A

hyperextension of MTP join and flexion of IP joint

41
Q

McMurrays tests for what

A

medial and lateral menisci