LWGC 1 Flashcards
what is the cartesian separation of nature
Descartes saw humans as wholly separate from and superior to nature and nonhuman animal
what % of people view climate change as a major threat to their country and cite
75%
pew research
7 points in what we should put in images for climate outreach
show real people
new stores (ie not polar bears etc)
show CC at scale
show emotionally powerful impacts
understand audience
show local but serious impacts
be careful with protest imagery
define environmental determinism
the physical environment (landforms, climate, ecology), determines human culture, socio-economic development as opposed to social factors
what does Neo environmental determinism focus on
an inevitable causality between physical environments and societies
what is the environmental turn and cite
over the last 20 years geography has become the home of environmental research and discourse
(castree 2015)
when was the term tipping point coined
2005
4 core modes of thinking globally about climate change
- analysis of the scale of human activities - capacity
- understanding earth system dynamics, impacts humans trajectories
- planetary framing - securisation
- our imaginaries are made cosmopolitan
4 antidotes to the ‘global imaginary’ and cite!
(why we should view climate change locally)
- capture place attachments at local scale
- qualitative and quantitative methods capture construction of place
- links attachment, identities and collective action - YIMBY or NIMBY
- greater precision when investigating spatial frames of risk communication
(Devine Wright 2013)
outline krakatau volcano
known for colossal eruption of 1883 - claimed over 36000 lives mostly due to tsunami
outline krakatau 2018
SW flank of volcano collapsed into sea, triggering tsunami that inundated coasts with runs up to 13m
more than 400 killed and 13,000 injured
scientific paper before hand
outline Fuego Guatemala 2018
3800m tall
densely populated area 30km from the capital
models showed there was an area clearly at risk of pyroclastic currents, however 430 died (up to 3000)
outline Monserrat eruption and discourse
1986 report examined evidence for future threat, including capital Plymouth.
study used computational modelling
hopsital was built where the report had said not to build. then destroyed
two types of uncertainty and define
epistemic uncertainty - incomplete knowledge that we can rectify through suitable studies
aleatory uncertainty - inherent variability or randomness in a system that cannot be reduced, no matter how much information you gather
what % of rumbling volcanoes actually erupt
10-20%
what happened in guadeloupe 1976
amid scientific controversy, decision made to 80,000 people.
volcano went back to sleep but economy ruined by disruption of evacuation
where is merapi located
Central Java, indonesia
outline merapi 2010
- lava dome eeruption
- largest from volcano in 100 years
- basic monitoring was in place before eruption
- city over 400,000 located less than 30km away
- 10 day brief eruption
- 300 killed, 350,000 evacuated
thixotropic material meaning
odd solids and fluids that change their viscosity when loaded by stress by becoming less viscous
outline deterministic vs probabilistic models
deterministic - no randomness, outcome always the same. parameters define prediction
probabilistic - uncertainty (epistemic and aleatory) present. parameters defined by probability distributions
4 sources of evidence to evaluate volcanic hazards
rock record
monitoring
modelling
expertise
