Lungs and Pleura

Question 1

Pleura

Answer 1

thin membrane of fibrous tissue

Question 2

mesothelium

Answer 2

layer of flat cells covering the pleura

Question 3

where is the parietal pleura

Answer 3

lines thoracic wall (seperated by endothoracic fascia)

Question 4

What does the parietal layer of the pleura attach to

Answer 4

the inferior surface of the suprapleural membrane, at the thoracic inlet, and to the mediastinal surface of the fibrous pericardium

Question 5

why does the parietal pleura extend firther than the bottom of the lung

Answer 5

to allow for lung expansion

Question 6

what is the costodiaphragmatic recess

Answer 6

the space seperating the costal parietal pleura from the diaphragmatic parietal pleura

Question 7

what arteries supply the parietal pleura

Answer 7

intercostal, internal thoracic and musculophrenic arteries

Question 8

where is the venous drainage of the pleura

Answer 8

to the azygos system of veins.

Question 9

where do the lynphatics of the pleura drain to

Answer 9

the intercostal, parasternal, diaphragmatic and posterior mediastinal nodes

Question 10

what is parietal pleura senstivie to

Answer 10

pain, temperature, touch, and pressure

Question 11

what nerves supply the costovertebral pleura

Answer 11

intercostal nerves

Question 12

what nerves supply the diaphragmatic pleura

Answer 12

the phrenic nerve over the domes, and by the lower six intercostal nerves around its periphery

Question 13

what nerve supplies the mediastinal pleura

Answer 13

phrenic nerve

Question 14

what supplies the arterial supply and venous drainage of the visceral pleura

Answer 14

bronchial vessels

Question 15

visceral pleura sensitivities

Answer 15

• sensitive to stretch
• insensitive to pain and touch

Question 16

where does the visceral pleura recieve nerve supply from

Answer 16

autonomic nerve supply from the pulmonary plexus

Question 17

how many lobes has the left lung got

Answer 17

2

Question 18

how many lobes has the right lung got

Answer 18

3

Question 19

what is the root of the lung

Answer 19

The region of the mediastinum where the lung is connected to the trachea and heart

Question 20

what is the hilum

Answer 20

The region of the lung where the bronchi and pulmonary vessels enter or leave

Question 21

1

Answer 21

anterior border

Question 22

2

Answer 22

costal surface

Question 23

3

Answer 23

apex

Question 24

4

Answer 24

hilum

Question 25

5

Answer 25

bronchus

Question 26

6

Answer 26

pulmonary artery

Question 27

7

Answer 27

pulmonary vein

Question 28

8

Answer 28

posterior border

Question 29

9

Answer 29

mediatsinal surface

Question 30

11

Answer 30

inferior border

Question 31

12

Answer 31

diaphragmatic surface (base)

Question 32

what is the oblique fissure

Answer 32

- vertical fissure - divides lung into upper and lower lobes

Question 33

what is the horizontal fissure

Answer 33

- horizontal fissure that makes the third lobe in the right lung

Question 34

how long is the right main bronchus

Answer 34

2.5cm

Question 35

how lung is the left main bronchus

Answer 35

5cm

Question 36

what arteries supply the tissues of the bronchu

Answer 36

the bronchial arteries

Question 37

what do the veins of the right main bronchus drain to

Answer 37

azygos vein

Question 38

what do the veins of the left main bronchus drain to

Answer 38

the accessory hemiazygos vein

Question 39

name three cells present in the tracheobronchial epithelium

Answer 39

- goblet - cilliated - clara

Question 40

goblet cells function

Answer 40

secrete mucus

Question 41

cilliated cells function

Answer 41

sweep debris

Question 42

clara cells function

Answer 42

divide, differentiate, metabolize toxic chemicals

Question 43

arterial supply of bronchial tree

Answer 43

bronchial arteries

Question 44

how many bronchial arteries altogether

Answer 44

3

Question 45

bronchial arteries on the left: amount and origin

Answer 45

two, direct branches of aorta

Question 46

bronchial arteries on the right: amount and origin

Answer 46

one, third right posterior intercostal artery

Question 47

where do the bronchial veins drain

Answer 47

nto the azygos vein on the right and the accessory hemiazygos on the left superficially, and into a main pulmonary vein from the deeper lung where it mixes with oxygenated blood

Question 48

what is the capillary plxus

Answer 48

plexus in walls of alveoli which is fed with deoxygenated blood by the pulmonary artery

Question 49

where do the lymphatic vessels inside the lung originate

Answer 49

a superficial subpleural plexus and a deep submucosal plexus

Question 50

where do the lynphatic vessels inside the lung drain to

Answer 50

bronchopulmonary nodes

Question 51

where do lymphatics from the bronchopulmonary nodes proceed to drain to

Answer 51

Lymphatics from the upper and middle lobes drain to superior, and those from the lower lobes to inferior, tracheobronchial nodes

Question 52

nerve supply inside the lung

Answer 52

autonomic nerves from pulmonary plexus

Question 53

where do the parasympathetic nerves orginate | pulmonary plexus

Answer 53

vagus nerve

Question 54

where do the sympathetic nerves originate from | pulmonary plexus

Answer 54

sympathetic trunk

Question 55

functions of pulmonary plexux

Answer 55

- Parasympathetic: dilate blood vessels/constrict bronchi - Sympathetic: constrict blood vessels/dilate bronchi - Supply visceral pleura